Aerosol Chargers Using Ionizing Radiation and Electric Field Collinear to Flow: Simulation and Experiment for Fine Particle Charging in Electronegative Air and Electropositive Nitrogen

ABSTRACT

Performances of aerosol chargers employing alpha- or beta-radioactive sources to ionize carrier gas and using applied electric fields up to 4 kV/cm collinear to the aerosol flow have been investigated. The study was done for fine particles with radii from 0.027 to 1.5 μm acquiring an electrical charge in the non-uniform bipolar atmosphere of ions in air and of electrons and N₄ ⁺ ions in nitrogen. The charging process of aerosol particles of different concentrations has been analyzed by means of computer simulation, and the charge of the particles as they leave the charger has been calculated in two cases in which the velocity vector of the aerosol stream is either parallel or anti-parallel to the strength vector of the applied electric field. A comparison has been made between calculations and experimental results of particle charging in air, as well as between calculation results in air and ultrapure nitrogen under the same conditions. Two types of chargers with the charging zones irradiated totally or partially by ionizing radiation have been examined. The conditions for obtaining the maximum particle charges both in air and nitrogen as well as the conditions for the initial particle charge to be unaffected in air have been found. The experimental results of fine particle charging in air are in agreement with the theoretical calculations.