Wender Utah Rating Scale-25 (WURS-25): psychometric properties and diagnostic accuracy of the Swedish translation

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties and diagnostic accuracy of the Swedish version of the Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS) in psychiatric patients with similar symptoms but diagnosed with either attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), bipolar disorder (BP), and/or borderline personality disorder (BPD).

Methods: A total of 121 patients from an outpatient psychiatric clinic for young adults (18–25 years) were diagnosed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Axis I and Axis II (SCID-I and SCID-II), and ADHD was diagnosed using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children (K-SADS). WURS were filled in by the participants and compared with a diagnosis of ADHD according to K-SADS.

Results: Internal consistency of the WURS was 0.94. The principal component analysis resulted in a three-factor solution that accounted for 61.3% of the variance. The ADHD group had significantly higher mean scores compared to all other groups. The diagnostic accuracy of the WURS was examined using AUC and ROC analysis, and the optimal cut-off score was 39, with a sensitivity of 0.88 and specificity of 0.70, with AUC 0.87, 95% CI 0.80–0.94, PPV 0.59, and NPV 0.92.

Conclusion: The psychometric properties of the Swedish WURS were good. For assessment of adult ADHD, in patients with symptoms of emotional instability, impulsivity, and attention problems but of different origins, a somewhat higher cut-off score than the originally suggested was preferable for identification of ADHD.

Keywords:

• ADHD
• bipolar disorder
• borderline personality disorder
• Wender Utah Rating Scale

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Ioannis Kouros

Ioannis Kouros, MD, PhD student at Uppsala University, Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, and Consultant at the Department of Psychiatry, Akademiska University Hospital, both in Uppsala, Sweden.

Niklas Hörberg

Niklas Hörberg, MD, PhD student at Uppsala University, Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, and Consultant at the Department of Psychiatry, Akademiska University Hospital, both in Uppsala, Sweden.

Lisa Ekselius

Lisa Ekselius, MD, PhD, Professor at Uppsala University, Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, and Senior Consultant at the Department of Psychiatry, Akademiska University Hospital, both in Uppsala, Sweden.

Mia Ramklint

Mia Ramklint, MD, PhD, Associate Professor at Uppsala University, Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, and Senior Consultant at the Department of Psychiatry, Akademiska University Hospital, both in Uppsala, Sweden.