ABSTRACT
The viscosities of high titanium containing slag with TiO2 ranging from 23 to 43 mass%, Al2O3 9 mass% and CaO/SiO2 ranging from 0.3 to 0.7 were experimentally determined by the rotating cylinder method. Experiments were conducted in the temperature range of 1573–1873 K. The effects of TiO2, basicity, and temperature on viscosity were studied. The experimental results indicated that above the liquidus temperatures, the viscosities decrease with TiO2 and basicity increasing. And increasing on CaO content should be more effective in depolymerizing slag structure and lowering viscosity compared to TiO2 addition. Moreover TiO2 behaved as a weak acid oxide in the experiment slags by XPS analysis. Based on the experimental data of CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–TiO2 quaternary system, the activation energy of viscous flow was calculated between 115 and 141 kJ mol−1 depending on the slag composition.
Acknowledgements
Financial supports from the National Science Foundation of China (NSFC, No. 51874029 and No. 51974287) is gratefully acknowledged.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).