THE COST-COMPETITIVENESS OF MAJOR EXPORTING COUNTRIES OF MAIZE, WHEAT AND SOYBEANS II: LANDED COSTS AND EFFECTS OF EXCHANGE RATES

G. F. Ortmann University of Natal and Ohio State University, G.F. Ortmann acknowledges financial assistance from the Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC) and the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Centre (OARDC) at Ohio State University. Opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the HSRC or the OARDC

N. Rask University of Natal and Ohio State University, G.F. Ortmann acknowledges financial assistance from the Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC) and the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Centre (OARDC) at Ohio State University. Opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the HSRC or the OARDC

ABSTRACT

Landed costs of a commodity include production costs and domestic marketing costs (f.o.b. costs) and international freight charges. Production costs are the main component of landed costs and are a major reason for cost advantages (or disadvantages) among exporting countries.

F.o.b. costs at real exchange rates averaged over seven years (1980–86) were compared with f.o.b. costs at mid-1986 exchange rates. Results show that the ranking of most countries did not change markedly, except in the case of wheat.

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THE COST-COMPETITIVENESS OF MAJOR EXPORTING COUNTRIES OF MAIZE, WHEAT AND SOYBEANS II: LANDED COSTS AND EFFECTS OF EXCHANGE RATES

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THE COST-COMPETITIVENESS OF MAJOR EXPORTING COUNTRIES OF MAIZE, WHEAT AND SOYBEANS II: LANDED COSTS AND EFFECTS OF EXCHANGE RATES

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