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Notes
This section on administrative reform is based on the author's own fieldwork and interviews in 2010–11.
This was of paramount importance inasmuch as the wars had displaced a large number of civil servants in the eastern provinces; these had been replaced by rebel movements such as the RCD. Referred to as ‘nouvellesunités’, these could make up more than 70% of civil servants in some districts.
The World Bank is now conducting biometric censuses in some provinces and in some ministries, reflecting the sectoral approach it has opted for.