War, Violence and Peace in Africa

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size

Notes

¹ A. Thompson, An Introduction to African Politics (London, Routledge, 2004), p. 2.

² Reid, War in Pre-Colonial Eastern Africa, p. 3.

³ Reid, War in Pre-Colonial Eastern Africa, p. 3.

⁴ S. Kaplan, ‘The Glorious Violence of Amdä Seyon of Ethiopia’, in Ahluwalia et al. (eds), Violence and Non-Violence in Africa.

⁵ Reid, War in Pre-Colonial East Africa, p. 34.

⁶ Reid, War in Pre-Colonial East Africa, p. 5.

⁷ Reid, War in Pre-Colonial East Africa, p. 158.

⁸ R. Jackson, ‘Africa's Wars: Overview, Causes, and the Challenges of Conflict Transformation’, in Furley and May (eds), Ending Africa's Wars, p. 21.

⁹ Furley and May (eds), Ending Africa's Wars, Introduction, p. 5.

¹⁰ Furley and May (eds), Ending Africa's Wars, Introduction, p. 5

¹¹ Jackson, ‘Africa's Wars’, in Furley and May (eds), Ending Africa's Wars, Introduction, p. 24.

¹² Bruce Baker, ‘Post-Settlement Governance Programmes: What is Being Built in Africa?’, in Furley and May (eds), Ending Africa's Wars, Introduction, p. 42.

¹³ Ahluwalia et al. (eds), Violence and Non-Violence in Africa, p. 2.

¹⁴ Ahluwalia et al. (eds), Violence and Non-Violence in Africa, p. 3.

¹⁵ L. Schler, ‘The Unwritten History of Ethnic Co-Existence in Colonial Africa: An Example from Douala, Cameroon’, in Ahluwalia et al. (eds), Violence and Non-Violence in Africa.

¹⁶ L. Schler, ‘The Unwritten History of Ethnic Co-Existence in Colonial Africa: An Example from Douala, Cameroon’, in Ahluwalia et al. (eds), Violence and Non-Violence in Africa, p. 27.

¹⁷ Ahluwalia, ‘The Vulgarization of Politics: Ethnic Violence in Kenya’, L. Schler, ‘The Unwritten History of Ethnic Co-Existence in Colonial Africa: An Example from Douala, Cameroon’, in Ahluwalia et al. (eds), Violence and Non-Violence in Africa

¹⁸ L. Schler, ‘The Unwritten History of Ethnic Co-Existence in Colonial Africa: An Example from Douala, Cameroon’, in Ahluwalia et al. (eds), Violence and Non-Violence in Africa, p. 46.

¹⁹ L. Schler, ‘The Unwritten History of Ethnic Co-Existence in Colonial Africa: An Example from Douala, Cameroon’, in Ahluwalia et al. (eds), Violence and Non-Violence in Africa, p. 47.

²⁰ A. Simone, ‘Sacral Spaces in Two West African Cities’, in L. Schler, ‘The Unwritten History of Ethnic Co-Existence in Colonial Africa: An Example from Douala, Cameroon’, in Ahluwalia et al. (eds), Violence and Non-Violence in Africa Quote from introduction, p. 7.

²¹ J. Peffer, ‘Mellow Yellow: Image, Violence, and Play in Apartheid South Africa’, in L. Schler, ‘The Unwritten History of Ethnic Co-Existence in Colonial Africa: An Example from Douala, Cameroon’, in Ahluwalia et al. (eds), Violence and Non-Violence in Africa, p. 168.

²² L. Schler, ‘The Unwritten History of Ethnic Co-Existence in Colonial Africa: An Example from Douala, Cameroon’, in Ahluwalia et al. (eds), Violence and Non-Violence in Africa

²³ D. Pratten, ‘The “Rugged Life”: Youth and Violence in Southern Nigeria’, in L. Schler, ‘The Unwritten History of Ethnic Co-Existence in Colonial Africa: An Example from Douala, Cameroon’, in Ahluwalia et al. (eds), Violence and Non-Violence in Africa, p. 84.

²⁴ L. Schler, ‘The Unwritten History of Ethnic Co-Existence in Colonial Africa: An Example from Douala, Cameroon’, in Ahluwalia et al. (eds), Violence and Non-Violence in Africa, p. 86.

²⁵ L. Schler, ‘The Unwritten History of Ethnic Co-Existence in Colonial Africa: An Example from Douala, Cameroon’, in Ahluwalia et al. (eds), Violence and Non-Violence in Africa, p. 87.

²⁶ S. Jensen, ‘Security and Violence on the Frontier of the State: Vigilant Citizens in Nkomazi, South Africa’, in L. Schler, ‘The Unwritten History of Ethnic Co-Existence in Colonial Africa: An Example from Douala, Cameroon’, in Ahluwalia et al. (eds), Violence and Non-Violence in Africa, p. 106.

²⁷ M. Plyler, ‘“Keeping the Peace”: Violent Justice, Crime, and Vigilantism in Tanzania’, in L. Schler, ‘The Unwritten History of Ethnic Co-Existence in Colonial Africa: An Example from Douala, Cameroon’, in Ahluwalia et al. (eds), Violence and Non-Violence in Africa, quoted in introduction, p. 8.

²⁸ L. Schler, ‘The Unwritten History of Ethnic Co-Existence in Colonial Africa: An Example from Douala, Cameroon’, in Ahluwalia et al. (eds), Violence and Non-Violence in Africa, p. 137

³¹ A. Sitze, ‘To Live, with It’, in L. Schler, ‘The Unwritten History of Ethnic Co-Existence in Colonial Africa: An Example from Douala, Cameroon’, in Ahluwalia et al. (eds), Violence and Non-Violence in Africa, p. 190.

²⁹ V. Barolsky, ‘Childhood in the Shadow of Violence: Kathorus, South Africa’, in L. Schler, ‘The Unwritten History of Ethnic Co-Existence in Colonial Africa: An Example from Douala, Cameroon’, in Ahluwalia et al. (eds), Violence and Non-Violence in Africa

³⁰ L. Schler, ‘The Unwritten History of Ethnic Co-Existence in Colonial Africa: An Example from Douala, Cameroon’, in Ahluwalia et al. (eds), Violence and Non-Violence in Africa, p. 179.

³² Shankleman, Oil, Profits, and Peace: Does Business Have a Role in Peacemaking?, p. ix.