Electrochemical studies of determination of C.I. Direct Red 80 based on a gold nanoparticles-modified carbon paste electrode

Abstract

In this paper, a simple, convenient and sensitive electrochemical method has been developed for the determination of C.I. Direct Red 80. A gold nanoparticle modified carbon paste electrode was fabricated and used for study and sensitive determination of Direct Red 80 by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. The overall analysis involved a two-step procedure: an accumulation step under open-circuit conditions, followed by voltammetric measurements of Direct Red 80 in a 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution at pH = 3.0. The experimental conditions, such as the medium, pH and accumulation time, were optimised. The oxidation peak current was proportional to the concentration of Direct Red 80 from 5.0 × 10⁻⁸ to 5.0 × 10⁻⁷ M and 5.0 × 10⁻⁷ to 3.0 × 10⁻⁶ M, and the detection limit was 1.15 × 10⁻⁸ M (S/N = 3). The proposed method was used to detect Direct Red 80 in natural water and sewage with good accuracy.

Keywords:

• Direct Red 80
• gold nanoparticles
• carbon paste electrode
• voltammetry
• determination

Acknowledgements

The authors express their appreciation to the University of Kashan research councils for their financial support of this work.