Residue dynamics and food safety evaluation of fungicide kresoxim-methyl in green chilli (Capsicum annum L.)

ABSTRACT

Kresoxim-methyl residue in green chilli and soil was estimated using gas chromatography equipped with microelectron capture detector (µECD, ⁶³Ni) and analytical method was validated. The method showed good linearity with the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of kresoxim-methyl were 0.005 and 0.01 mg kg⁻¹ respectively. The % recoveries ranged from 87.00 to 95.33. Kresoxim-methyl used to control powdery mildew, fruit rot and twig blight in chilli. Its residues may remain in the crops causing the health hazard. Thus, analysis of kresoxim-methyl residue, its dissipation rate and safety evaluations in green chilli were studied using the validated method. The dissipation of kresoxim-methyl 44.3% SC @250 g a.i ha⁻¹ for recommended dose (RD) and 500 g a.i ha⁻¹ for double of the recommended dose (DD) were studied. Residues were extracted from green chilli fruit with ethyl acetate, and cleanup was given using primary secondary amine (PSA) and magnesium sulphate. This study revealed that the residues in green chilli were below the MRL (0.8 mg kg⁻¹) after 2.33 days in the treatment of DD and in case of RD, pre-harvest intervals are not applicable as the residues at 0 days was below MRL. The half-life was 6.3 and 5.3 days for RD and DD, respectively. Dietary exposures of the residues were less than MPI of 6.4 mg person⁻¹ day⁻¹ on all the sampling days for both doses. Blanching could be used as the most potential decontamination process for kresoxim-methyl residue from green chilli. The terminal residue in soil was found below LOQ for both the doses.

KEYWORDS:

• Dissipation kinetics
• decontamination
• safety
• kresoxim-methyl
• green chilli
• soil

Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to Executive Director, National Bee Board, Govt. of India for support through the project “Integrated Bee Development Centre”, at ICAR-IIVR, Varanasi, and Director, ICAR-IIVR, Varanasi for providing facilities to carry out this research. Authors also would like to thank Dr. Bappa Ghosh for his valuable suggestion during this research work.

Disclosure statement

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

The research work does not contain any studies with human participants and animals performed by any of the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by National Bee Board, Department of Agriculture, Cooperation & Farmers Welfare, Ministry of Agriculture and  Farmers Welfare, Govt. of India.