The center of the ring of 3×3 generic matrices

Abstract

Following Procesi, the center of the division ring of generic matrices over a field F is described as the fixed field of the symmetric group acting on a purely transcendental extension of F. For 3×3 matrices, the center is shown to be purely transcendental over F. In characteristic zero this is equivalent to saying that the field of simultaneous rational invariants of 3×3 matrices over F is a purely transcendental extension field of F.