Epidemiology and development of forecasting models for White rust of Brassica juncea in India

Abstract

Experiments were laid out at Bharatpur, New Delhi and Kangra with Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) cvs ‘Varuna’ and an important one in the locality sown on 10 dates at weekly intervals. First appearance of white rust disease (Albugo candida) on leaves and pods (staghead formation) of mustard occurred between 36 and 131 days after sowing (d.a.s.), 60 and 123 d.a.s., respectively. Severity of white rust disease on leaves was favoured by >40% afternoon (minimum) relative humidity (RH), >97% morning (maximum) RH and 16–24°C maximum daily temperature. Staghead formation was significantly and positively influenced by 20–29°C maximum daily temperature and further aided by >12°C minimum daily temperature and >97% morning (maximum) RH. Regional and cultivar specific models devised could predict, at a few weeks after sowing, the crop age at which white rust first appeared on the leaves, as staghead, the highest rust severity on leaves, staghead numbers and the crop age at peak rust severity on leaf, highest staghead numbers at least 1 week ahead of first appearance of the disease on the crop.

Keywords:

• Brassica juncea
• Albugo candida
• epidemiology
• forecasting
• weather

Acknowledgements

The facilities provided by the Directors of research units where the investigation was carried out, the funding received for the investigation from the Indian Council of Agricultural Research under the World Bank Funded National Agricultural Technology Project and the All Indian Coordinated Research Project on Rapeseed-Mustard are gratefully acknowledged. Further, help received from Dr S.C. Mehta and Sh Praveen Kumar in analysis of data is thankfully acknowledged.