Fate of anilide and aniline herbicides in plant-materials-amended soils

Abstract

The fate of herbicides trifluralin, pendimethalin, alachlor and metolachlor in paddy field soils amended with plant materials was investigated. The plant materials were purple sesbania, vegetable soybean and rice straw. The investigation was performed at two temperatures (25 and 40°C) and two soil water moistures (60 and 90% water-holding capacity). The results showed linear and Freudlich equations described the adsorption of amide compound to soil. Adsorption coefficient (K _d ) fit to linear equation were in general greater in plant material-amended soils than in non-amended soil, especially in soil amending with rice straw. Increasing temperature and soil water moisture content shortened the half-lives of compounds in various treated soils. The movement of compounds in the soil columns showed the maximum distribution of aniline type compound, trifluralin and pendimethalin, appeared at the upper top of 0 to 5 and 0 to 10 cm of soil column, respectively, and of anilide type, alachlor and metolachlor, were distributed at 0 to 25 cm of the soil column. The mobility of chemicals in the different treated soils was simulated by the behavior assessment model (BAM). There was no significant difference among different plant material incubated soils on dissipation and mobility of compounds in soils.

Keywords:

• Anilide and aniline herbicides
• plant-materials-amended soils
• behavior assessment model (BAM)

Acknowledgments

We thank the National Science Council of the Republic of China (NSC 90-2317-B002-004) for its support.

Notes

^a CC: Pin-Chen series soil; CF: purple sesbania amended soil; CM: vegetable soybean amended soil; CR: rice straw amended soil.

^b Organic matter.

^c Water holding capacity.

^a Soils: CC, Pin-Chen series soil; CF, purple sesbania amended soil; CM, vegetable soybean amended soil; CR, rice straw-amended soil.

^b Compounds: Tri, trifluralin; Pen, pendimethalin; Ala, alachlor; Met, metolachlor.

^c WHC : water holding capacity; r ^2:: determination coefficients.

^a Soils: CC, Pin-Chen series soil; CF, purple sesbania-amended soil; CM, vegetable soybean-amended soil; CR, rice straw-amended soil.

^a Soils: CC, Pin-Chen series soil; CF, purple Sesbania-amended soil; CM, vegetable soybean amended soil; CR, rice straw amended-soil.