Terbuthylazine persistence in an organic amended soil

Abstract

The aim of this work was to study the effect of the application of a solid waste from olive oil production (alperujo) on the movement and persistence of the herbicide terbuthylazine (N²-tert-butyl-6-chloro-N⁴-ethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine). An experimental olive grove was divided in two plots: (i) Plot without organic amendment (blank) and (ii) Plot treated with alperujo during 3 years at a rate of 17920 kg of alperujo ha^{− 1}. Terbuthylazine was applied to both plots at a rate of 2 kg ha^{− 1} a.i. Triplicates from each plot were sampled at 3 depths (0–10, 10–20 and 20–30 cm), air-dried, remains of olive leaves, grass roots, and stones removed and sieved through a 5 mm mesh sieve. Terbuthylazine was extracted with methanol 1:2 weight:volume ratio, the extracts were evaporated to dryness, resuspended in 2 mL of methanol, filtered and anylized by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Higher amounts of terbuthylazine were detected at each sampling depth in plots treated with alperujo. The increase in soil organic matter content upon amendment with alperujo slightly increased sorption, suggesting that other factors beside sorption affect terbuthylazine degradation rate in organic amended soils.

Keywords:

• Olive oil production waste
• terbuthylazine
• soil
• dissipationl
• field study

Acknowledgments

This work has been partially financed by Project AGL 2007-65771 from the Spanish MEC and Research Group RNM 124 of Junta de Andalucia. Alegria Cabrera thanks the Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia for her FPI fellowship.