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ABSTRACT
The goal of the present study was to elucidate the in vitro cytotoxicity of Roundup and to reveal the possible related mechanisms in L-02 hepatocytes. By detecting reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, glutathione (GSH)/superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP) open rate, apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) release, intracellular Ca2+ concentration, and alanine aminotransferease (ALT)/aspartate aminotransferase (AST) leakage, we determined that Roundup induced anti-oxidant system inhibition, mitochondria damage, DNA damage, membrane integrity and permeability changes, and apoptosis in L-02 hepatocytes. By revealing the mechanistic insights of Roundup-induced cytotoxicity, our results are valuable for the design of preventive and therapeutic strategies for the occupational population exposed to Roundup and other pesticides.
Acknowledgments
The authors thank all of the individuals in this laboratory for their valuable ideas and suggestions. F.X. designed the experiments, supervised the project, and wrote the paper. L.L., F.W., and Y.Y.Z. performed the experiments and analyzed the data. C.G.Z. provided advice on technical development.
Funding
This research was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NO. 81302456).