An immunoassay for metolachlor detection in river water and soil

Abstract

An indirect enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (EIA) for metolachlor (2‐chloro‐N‐(2‐ethyl‐6‐methylphenyl)‐N‐(2‐methoxy‐l‐methylethyl)acetamide) detection in river water and soil was developed using serum obtained from rabbits immunized against the acid of metalaxyl ((N‐(2,6‐dimethylphenyl)‐N‐(methoxy‐acetyl)‐DL‐alanine methyl ester) conjugated to bovine serum albumin. The assay had a linear working range from 1 to 50 ng/ml with a mean I_J0 value of 13.6 ng/ml and a lower detection limit of 2.0 ng/ml. Both the mean interwell and interassay coefficients of variation were less than 4% over the range of the standard curves for samples which had been prepared in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), river water, or soil extract. Assay cross‐reactivity to the following four structurally related chloro‐acetanilide pesticides were: propachlor (0%), metazachlor (0%), alachlor (23%), and metalaxyl (5,000%). Mean recoveries of metolachlor in spiked (2.0 to 32.0 ng/ml range) PBS, river water, and soil extract were 102%, 103%, and 110%, respectively. Soil samples were taken over a 56‐d period from field plots treated with metolachlor and analyzed by GC and EIA. The correlation coefficient for comparison of the two methods was 0.96 with the slope of the linear regression line being 0.78. Furthermore, no statistical difference (P<0.05) was found between the dissipation curves of metolachlor derived from GC data versus EIA data.

Keywords:

• metolachlor
• immunoassay
• EIA
• residue
• soil dissipation