Maximum likelihood ridge displays

Abstract

I illustrate likelihood methods for estimating the consequences of shrinkage along any ridge path as well as methods for picking a two-hyperparameter path of optimal curvature and the optimal point on that path. In addition to my published "classical" methods, I also illustrate both the empirical Bayes and the random coefficient maximum likelihood approaches. Traces of risks for known parameters and losses for simulated responses are followed by traces of estimates that can reveal the same general information.

Keywords:

• fixed coefficients
• empirical Bayes
• random coefficients
• two-hyperparameter ridge family
• multicollinearity allowance axis
• true risks
• simulated losses