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Abstract
Coscinodon monchiquensis is described as a new species from the Serra de Monchique in the western part of the Algarve region in southern Portugal. It differs from the widespread C. cribrosus in having only slightly plicate leaves (in the latter species the leaves are usually strongly plicate to the base), a weakly recurved leaf margin in the proximal ⅓ and very fragile and markedly fenestrate peristome teeth which fall away after dehiscence giving the mature capsules a gymnostomous appearance. In cases where C. cribrosus has only weak plications to mid-leaf, the plane leaf margin at once separates it from C. monchiquensis. The affinities of C. monchiquensis are discussed, and molecular phylogenetic analysis of the nrITS region indicates its sister position to all other congeners. A key to the determination of European members of Coscinodon and similar taxa is given.
Acknowledgements
The contribution of RO was made within the statutory fund of the W. Szafer Institute of Botany of the Polish Academy of Sciences. The work of MSI and EAI was supported by RNF 14-50-00029. Francisco Lopes provided information on the geology of the collection site and two anonymous reviewers provided constructive comments on an earlier version of the manuscript.
Taxonomic additions and changes: Coscinodon monchiquensis R.D.Porley, Ochyra & Ignatova sp. nov.