Abstract
The effect of large values of Zi = νi/ω and Ze = νe/ω (where νi and νe are the frequency of collisions of ions and electrons respectively and ω is the angular frequency of the propagating wave) on the general refractive index (n = μ—iχ) of the ionosphere has been studied. The complex value of n has been evaluated taking into account the effects of magnetic field, ion and temperature using McLaurin's expansion. For the particular case of no magnetic field, the imaginary component of n is found to be independent of temperature effects.