Coaxial Feed Pyramidal Horn Antenna with High Efficiency

ABSTRACT

In this paper, a short pyramidal horn antenna with coaxial feed has been designed and fabricated with 52% bandwidth, which covers CDMA and GSM 900 bands. The total length of the antenna including coaxial feed is approximately 0.85λ at the lowest usable frequency. The effect of coaxial probe length, probe radius, and its location from the short wall of the waveguide on the resonance frequency, impedance matching, and bandwidth of the horn antenna have been analysed using CST Microwave studio software. Also, parametric analyses have been done by varying the horn length and aperture dimensions to study radiation characteristics of the horn antenna. The horn length has been optimized to obtain maximum efficiency for a fixed aperture. Simulation results show that as the frequency increases from 700 to 1130 MHz, the gain monotonically increases from 8.4 to 12.6 dBi with maximum efficiency of 80% at 850 MHz and it varies between 72% and 80% over this band. The pyramidal horn antenna has been fabricated and measured results are in good agreement with the simulated results.

KEYWORDS:

• CDMA
• Coaxial feed
• Efficiency
• GSM
• Horn antenna
• Pyramidal

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Hemant Kumar

Hemant Kumar is currently pursuing the PhD degree in antennas and microwave at Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT Bombay), Mumbai, India. His research interests include broadband antennas, microstrip antennas and arrays, and monopulse tracking radar.

E-mail: [email protected]

Girish Kumar

Girish Kumar received the PhD degree in Electrical Engineering from IIT Kanpur in 1983. From 1983 to 1985, he was a research associate in the Electrical Engineering Department, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada. From 1985 to 1991, he was an assistant professor in the Electrical Engineering Department, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, USA. Since 1991, he is at IIT Bombay, where he is currently a professor in the Electrical Engineering Department. His areas of interest are antennas, microwave circuits, and systems. He has written more than 270 papers in the international and national journals and conference proceedings. He is the author of the two books and has filed five patents. He has been working on hazards of microwave radiation for the last one decade. He has written several reports and given presentations at various forums on the topic related to cell phone and tower radiation hazards and solutions. He is also chairman of the company “Wilcom Technologies Pvt. Ltd.”, which is an IIT Bombay incubated company formed through Society for Innovation and Entrepreneurship (SINE).

E-mail: [email protected]