Isolated Operation of Micro Grid Under Transient Conditions Using AI-Based VF Controller

Abstract

Integrated low capacity renewable energy sources with storage technologies are called micro grids. These sources can operate independently or by being connected to main grid. This paper deals with Proportional Integral (PI)/Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-based control algorithm for voltage frequency regulation in an isolated micro grid with its hardware implementation. Isolated micro grid is formed by using three SEIGs driven small hydro turbine feeding three-phase four-wire consumer load. The battery storage system is connected parallel to the DC link of the converter to facilitate the instantaneous power balance under dynamic condition and to maintain the reliability of the system. The system with PI/ANN controllers is tested under load variations and when a micro source suddenly gets disconnected due to a fault. The conventional PI controller has shown limitations to load variations and source resynchronization. The ANN-based controller on the other hand has less settling time and also improves the dynamic response of the micro grid as per IEEE 1547 standards. Micro grid is modeled with MATLAB Sim power tool and simulation results are produced considering nonlinear load. Simulated results are validated with a laboratory prototype using dPACE 1104.

KEYWORDS:

• Harmonic elimination
• Micro grid
• Neural network
• Proportional integral
• Synchronization
• Transient stability

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by DST (SERB) [Grant Number SB/S3/EECE/182/2013].

Notes on contributors

Monika Jain

Monika Jain received BE from SATI Vidisha (M P) in 2004 and MTech from MANIT Bhopal (M P) in 2008. Presently, she is pursuing PhD from MANIT Bhopal. Her areas of interest are power quality, distributed generation, renewable energy sources. Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]

Sushma Gupta

Sushma Gupta received BE degree in electronics and instrumentation from SATI Vidisha (M P) in 1993, ME degree in power electronics from SATI Vidisha in 1999 and PhD degree in electrical engineering from IIT Delhi in 2005, India. Her fields of interest are power electronics, microprocessor and renewable energy sources. Email: [email protected]

Deepika Masand

Deepika Masand received BE (Elect), MTech and PhD degrees in 1996, 2002, 2009, respectively. She is presently working as an associate professor in the Department of Electrical and Electronics, OIST, Bhopal. Her research interests include power electronics, power quality improvement and distributed generation. Email: [email protected]

Gayatri Agnihotri

Gayatri Agnihotri received BE and MTech degrees from National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, India, in 1970 and 1974, respectively, PhD degree from Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India, in 1984. Currently, she is professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, India. Her research interests include energy systems, power systems and applications of FACTS controllers in power system. Email: [email protected]