Scanning the Issue

The current issue of the IETE Journal of Research (Vol.68, No.5,Sept.-Oct. 2022) contains 60 articles. These articles present ongoing research and developments taking place in the broad areas of Power Systems, Electromagnetics, Computer Science, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Microelectronics, Information Technology, Biomedical Engineering and Signal Processing.

The paper titled “Inertia Enhancement of an Isolated DC Microgrid using Hierarchical Virtual Inertia Control” presents a technique for control of a bidirectional DC-DC converter to increase the inertia of an isolated DC microgrid. The paper presents the transient and steady-state performance of the microgrid as function of DC bus voltage to show the efficacy of the control technique.

The next paper on “Model-Free Wind Farm Power Production Optimization using Multi-Resolution Optimized Relative Step Size Random Search” presents a study of an optimization method for maximizing the power production of wind farms under practical conditions such varying wind direction and turbine failures. The performance of the method is compared with the prior art to establish the efficacy of the proposed method.

In “Fuzzy Based Relaying Scheme for Transmission Line Based on Unsynchronized Voltage Measurement”, the authors present a relaying scheme to protect a transmission line based on voltage measurement. It provides methods for fault detection and classification using the voltage signal magnitude thereby eliminating the requirement of data synchronization and errors caused by current transformers. The paper presents fuzzy detection algorithm for fault location and its performance under practical conditions.

The following paper on “A Review of Various Control Strategies based on Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation for the Voltage Source Inverter” presents a review of control strategies of voltage source inverter, in particular, the space vector pulse width modulation (PWM) technique. These include the bus clamping PWM, advanced bus clamping PWM, hybrid PWM and carrier-based space vector PWM. The paper presents the relative merits and demerits and comparisons.

The paper titled “Lyapunov Exponent and Spectral Analysis for Chaos Detection in the Wounded Rotor Induction Motor with an Internal Fault” presents a method to detect the phenomena of chaos in a wounded rotor induction motor which is an observable indicator of a fault condition. The paper uses Lyapunov exponents of which one positive value is an indicator of a system in chaos. The problems associated with conventional methods such as Fourier spectrum analysis or identification of harmonics are explained and sought to be overcome with the proposed method. Experimental results are presented to support the method.

The next paper on “Electromagnetically Coupled Circularly Polarized Modified Triangular Microstrip Antenna” presents a design of a circularly polarized microstrip antenna. Flexibility in the design is provided through resonant length at patch modes. The properties of the antenna are presented in terms of axial ratio bandwidth and impedance in the L-band, and comparison of broadside pattern of single and stacked antenna.

In “Closely Mounted UWB MIMO Antenna with Notch Characteristics for Short-range Wireless Video Transmission Application” the design of a four-port self-isolated double-sided Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) MIMO antenna with notch is presented for short-range wireless high-definition (HD) video transmission applications. The design avoids an isolation structure while avoiding mutual coupling. The specification parameters in terms of impedance bandwidth, isolation, size and others are discussed. Results are presented for indoor tests for short-range wireless HD video transmission and reception capacity.

The next paper titled “FERCE: Facial Expression Recognition for Combined Emotions using FERCE algorithm” presents an algorithm that groups emotion classes. 37 emotions are identified out of which set of 16 emotion classes are derived. The paper studies the hypothesis that certain existing emotions are asymmetric in nature through Facial Action Coding System and statistical analysis of the grouped emotion classes.

The following paper on “Design, Analysis and Experimental Validation of a Fractional Order Terminal Sliding Mode Controller on Active Suspension System” presents a control strategy to reduce vibrations in the suspension system of vehicles. The proposed Fractional Order Terminal Sliding Mode Controller (FOTSMC) is studied in an experimental active suspension system. The efficacy of the controller is compared with other controllers and ride comfort is analyzed as per ISO standard. Details of the study are presented in the paper.

In “Performance Evaluation of Various Pre-Processing Techniques for R-peak Detection in ECG Signal” authors present the study and comparison of performance of five pre-processing techniques namely, digital bandpass filter (DBPF), wavelet transform (WT), independent principal component analysis (IPCA), Savitzky-Golay digital FIR filter (SGDFF) and fractional wavelet transform (FrWT) for their effect on the efficiency of R-peak detection in electrocardiogram (ECG) signal. An FrWT technique is studied and presented that uses autoregressive modeling and principal component analysis. The performance of the proposed pre-processing technique is evaluated and compared using several performance parameters such as SNR, mean squared error, sensitivity, accuracy, and positive predictive value to establish the efficacy of the technique.

The paper on “A Novel Adaptive Frame Determination Methodology with Fixed and Adaptive Thresholds Using Affine Motion Parameter for Video Quality Enhancement” investigates the problem of video quality enhancement and presents a method for adaptive identification of video frames based on motion types and their substitution using affine translation techniques. The paper presents study of quality enhancement using four metrics to bring out the efficacy of the method.

The next paper on “PID Controller for IEEE 802.17 with Dead Time Compensation” presents the design of a PID controller to obtain fair rate of utilization in resilient packet ring in accordance with IEEE 802.17 standard. The limitation in terms of unstable performance due to large system delay is studied and a method to overcome is also presented.

The paper titled “Multi Verse Optimized Fractional Order PDPI Controller for Load Frequency Control” presents a Fractional Order Proportional Derivative Proportional Integral (PPDPI) controller for a multi-area power system with hydro, thermal and gas power plants in the different areas. Results of analysis of the system for two cases viz. with HVDC link and without HVDC link are presented. The study of a Fractional-Order Cascade Controller (FOCC) is also presented. The performance is analyzed in realistic scenarios of small load perturbation, change in load and system parameters and results are put forth and analyzed.

The paper on “Dynamic MPPT Controller using Cascade Neural Network for a Wind Power Conversion System with Energy Management” presents the design of a dynamic controller for autonomous wind power conversion system with an energy storage system. The controller uses a cascade neural network and is named as dynamic maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller and the wind power conversion system is a permanent magnet synchronous generator based variable speed type. The controller is studied in simulation environment followed by evaluation in a hardware setup. The paper presents the results of the study.

The paper titled “Disturbance Observer-Based Global Sliding Mode Control for Uncertain Time-Delay Nonlinear Systems” presents a method for disturbance observer-based global sliding mode tracking control for uncertain time-delay nonlinear systems in the presence of parameter uncertainties, multiple delayed state perturbations and external disturbances. The disturbance approximation error converges in finite time and zero-tracking error is achieved using the given method. The paper presents a tracking rule which eliminates requirements of a priori knowledge of the upper bound of uncertainties and disturbances. The efficacy of the control method is presented through simulation study results.

The following paper on “A Review Analysis on Performance and Classification of Wind Turbine GearboxTechnologies ” presents a review of horizontal axis wind turbine gearbox systems. Three major types of gearboxes are considered viz. Planetary Gearbox (PG), Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT), and Magnetic Gearbox (MG). Inferences are made from the review study regarding suitability of type of gear box system for extracting the maximum energy and for high service loads, and operation in harsh operating conditions.

The paper on “Design of FOPID Controller Using BBBC via ZN Tuning Approach: Simulation and Experimental Validation” presents a design of an optimal fractional order proportional integral derivative controller based on modified Ziegler Nichols technique to tune a fractional order PID controller and a soft computing algorithm. The design is implemented for a numerical solar tracker system and also tested on hardware setup of a DC servo system. The performance of the controller is compared with other methods to establish its efficacy.

In “IPv6 Addressing Scheme with a Secured Duplicate Address Detection” a method to detect duplicate IPv6 address generation in the end nodes of an IoT network is put forth. It incorporates a scheme to prevent malicious nodes to disrupt the duplicate address detection process by transmitting only partial address and preserving the part. The paper reports the performance of the scheme.

The paper titled “Key Components of Rectenna System: A Comprehensive Survey” presents a survey of the key components of a rectenna system that is useful for energy harvesting from EM signals and for wireless power transmission applications amongst others. The system comprises of antenna, rectifier, impedance matching network and RF filter. The paper discusses about power conversion efficiency, design requirements, specifications and different configurations.

The next paper on “An Improved Negative Selection Algorithm-Based Fault Detection Method” focuses on fault detection methods for signal patterns and systems. It presents a negative selection algorithm using model free detectors that are independent of prior knowledge of fault types. It uses normal patterns for detector training. The method for training the detector is presented along with theoretical analysis and simulation studies on standard datasets to bring forth the performance efficacy of the detector.

In “Measurement of Radiation Absorbed Dose Effects in SRAM-based FPGAs” presents an experimental study of radiation absorbed dose effects in SRAM based FPGAs. The requirement of such study comes from safety critical applications in nuclear, aerospace and defense sectors. The irradiation experiments are performed by keeping the device both in power-on and power-off states inside a gamma radiation chamber of Co-60 source for varying periods of time. Results of the study are presented in the paper.

The paper titled “A New Single Switch ZCS Flyback Forward Converter with High Power Density” presents a zero current flyback-forward DC-DC converter that provides a soft switching condition without an additional switch to increase efficiency. The paper discusses other design advantages and presents theoretical analysis and experiment results regarding its efficiency.

The following paper on “Natural Basil as Photosensitizer with ZnO Thin Films for Solar Cell Applications” presents a process for fabricating a hybrid solar cell using natural dye extracted from basic leaves and ZnO film. The photovoltaic characteristics of prepared dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC) obtained by measuring I-V characteristics under illumination of halogen light are presented. It is shown that photocurrent and photo voltage increase in the cell. The advantages of DSSC are discussed in the paper.

The next paper on “Implementation of Space Vector Modulated Single-phase to Three-phase Indirect Matrix Converter for Induction Motor Drive Control” presents the design of a space vector modulated single-phase to three-phase (1x3) Indirect Matrix Converter (IMC). The design helps reduce total power to weight ratio of IMC converter compared to conventional AC-DC-AC converters. The paper also presents a control technique and its analysis to transform single-phase quantities into stationary reference frame. Inferences are drawn from simulation study and laboratory prototype developed for supplying power to 3-phase induction motor.

In “A Novel High Voltage Gain SEPIC Converter Based on Hybrid Split-Inductor for Renewable Application” the authors present the design of a high static gain single-ended primary inductor converter (SEPIC) that reduces input current ripples. The reduced input current ripples help reducing switching stress and switching losses to improve the efficiency. The paper presents the working principle and theoretical analysis of the converter for continuous, discontinuous and boundary conduction modes along with small signal analysis. Simulation studies and performance from a laboratory prototype are also discussed in the paper.

The next paper titled “Model Predictive Control of Grid-Connected Wind Energy Conversion System” presents a model predictive control (MPC) strategy to regulate the voltage of the feeder of a grid connected wind energy conversion system. The paper addresses the problem that the output power of wind turbine system is variable in nature, and it is difficult to export this power into distribution system without proper control strategy. The effectiveness of the control strategy is reported for studies in simulation environment and through a hardware design implementation of a single-phase distribution system.

The following paper on “Adaptive-Fuzzy Fractional Order PID Controller-Based Active Suspension for Vibration Control” addresses the issue of ride comfort in a passenger vehicle by studying the active suspension system. In particular, the paper provides a method to reduce the entire body acceleration of a driver to achieve the ride comfort goal. It presents an Adaptive Fuzzy tuned Fractional Order PID Controller (AFFOPID). The performance is compared with FOPID, PID and passive system. The results are obtained and compared in accordance with ISO 2631-1 standard that bring out the efficacy of the method.

In “A Method to Predict Random Time-delay of Networked Control System” presents a method to predict the time-delay in a networked control system. The prediction models are discussed that contribute to the overall prediction value of time delay. The performance is studied, and inferences are drawn from it in the paper.

The following paper on “Design of Frequency and Polarization Agile Patch Antenna for Wireless Communications” presents the design of a compact frequency and polarization agile patch antenna. It provides 5 states corresponding to three linear polarization states operating at three different frequencies and two circular polarization states operating at the same frequency. The performance is studied for ISM band and UMTS band applications and is reported in the paper.

The next paper titled “Effective Control of Voltage and Frequency in Microgrid Using Adjustment of PID Coefficients by Metaheuristic Algorithms” presents four evolutionary algorithms to optimize a PID controller’s coefficients for use in frequency and voltage control of a microgrid. The algorithms are the particle swarm optimization, genetic algorithm, imperialist competitive algorithm and selfish herd optimization. The microgrid comprises of inverter-based distributed generators and different loads and is tested in simulation environment and through experiment to draw inferences about the respective algorithms.

The paper on “Designing the Robust Fuzzy PI and Fuzzy Type-2 PI Controllers by Metaheuristic Optimizing Algorithms for AVR System” presents the design of two robust fuzzy logic based controllers to regulate the synchronous generator voltage across wide range of system parameters in a single-machine infinite bus framework. The controller parameters are optimized for performance and studied through simulations. The robustness aspect is investigated against load fluctuations, the sequence of the input voltage, and changes in the system parameters, such as the gains and time constants of the amplifier, exciter, and generator and inferences are drawn from the study.

The following paper on “Effectiveness of B2BC-based SGSC-PGSC and NSC-based SGSC-PGSC in a DFIG based Grid-Connected WT System - A Comparative Study” presents the design and control schemes for a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind turbine (WT) system. Two converter topologies viz. back-to-back converter (B2BC) and nine-switch converter (NSC) based series grid side converter (SGSC)-parallel grid side converter are studied for various load conditions. The paper reports the comparative effectiveness of the topologies using simulation studies.

The paper on “Design and Implementation of a Dual DC Sources-based Quasi-Switched Boost Inverter for Renewable Energy Applications” presents a dual dc source based quasi-Switched Boost Inverter (DqSBI) topology which can be used as a micro-inverter for integrating various renewable energy sources like solar photovoltaic, fuel cell etc. The performance comparison with conventional dc-dc boosted inverter and SBI topologies is presented in terms of voltage gain, voltage stress across switch, capacitor and diode, THD etc. The development of a 200W lab prototype is also discussed.

In “ANFIS Supervised PID Controlled SAPF for Harmonic Current Compensation at Nonlinear Loads” the authors consider the problem of nonlinear characteristics of compact AC power driven power electronics components that introduce higher-order harmonics and impact on the system efficiency. They present a soft computing technique for reactive power compensation of harmonic current using adaptive neural fuzzy interface system (ANFIS). The performance is studied in terms of harmonic distortion reduction and power factor. The system realization is discussed in the paper.

The next paper on “Development of a Modified Hilbert Curve Fractal Antenna for Multiband Applications” presents the design aspects of a Modified Hilbert Curve Fractal (MHCF) antenna with parasitic patches for multiband applications. The geometry of the step feed is optimized to enhance the bandwidth. The characteristics of the design are presented in terms of degree of impedance matching with stable omnidirectional radiation pattern at resonating frequencies. The results are presented through simulation studies and from experiments performed on fabricated antenna and inferences are drawn from them.

The following paper titled “An Approach for Detection and Localization of Missing Gate Faults in Reversible Circuit” presents a fault detection and localization scheme for existing missing gate fault models in reversible circuits. In the given method, initially test vectors are computed and then an algorithm generates a unique test set that is applied to detect any type of faults if exist in the circuit. The test performance of the method on different types of missing gate faults is presented along with comparisons with benchmarks and prior reported methods.

The paper on “Moving Average Filter-PLL-Based Voltage and Frequency Control of Standalone WECS” a phase locked loop (PLL) is presented to solve the issue of fast and accurate estimation of system frequency during distorted voltage in a wind energy conversion system. A moving average filter is proposed for the PLL that presents certain advantages that are discussed in the paper. These properties are studied in simulation setting and are discussed in the paper.

The next paper titled “Optimum Design of an Adaptive Fuzzy Controller as Active Suspension for a Quarter-Car Model” presents the design of an optimal adaptive fuzzy controller consisting of two fuzzy systems for an active suspension for a quarter-car model. The advantages of the proposed controller are described in the paper.

In “Analysis of Different Feeding Techniques of Butterfly-Shaped Patch Antenna with Defected Ground for UWB Application” the authors present the design of a miniaturized butterfly shaped microstrip patch antenna for the unlicensed millimeter wave band applications. The design configuration is shown to achieve an ultra-wide bandwidth (UWB) of 7 GHz and 22 GHz over the frequency range from 19.3 to 25.2 GHz and 48 to 70 GHz, respectively. The performance specifications are presented through simulation studies and the antenna fabrication is also discussed.

The following paper on “Instantaneous Frequency Selective Filtering using Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition” presents instantaneous frequency (IF) based selective high-pass, low-pass and band-pass filtering techniques for multicomponent signals using the ensemble empirical mode decomposition algorithm (EEMD). Unlike pre-determined sub-band filtering, the filter-bank structure observed for EEMD is shown to apply locally to a signal. The advantages of the proposed filtering method are presented and discussed in the paper. The efficacy of the filtering approach is presented through evaluation of subjective and objective criteria. Its application to real speech signals to isolate speech resonance components according to AM-FM model is also presented to highlight a practical utility.

The paper titled “A Novel Higher Level Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Multilevel Inverter for Solar Energy Environment” presents the design of a higher level symmetrical and asymmetrical multilevel inverter (MLI) with reduced device count for renewable energy systems. The design of a basic cell unit with reduced device count MLI having six switching devices is presented. Some of the advantages of reduced device count include a reduction in switch driver circuits, less number of required dc voltage sources, less installation space and reduction in cost. The paper presents the performance of the MLI topology in simulation environment and in experimental prototype studies.

The next paper on “A Comparative Study of Meta Heuristic Model to Assess the Type of Breast Cancer Disease” uses data mining to present the association rules, statistical, soft computing and evolution algorithms and select an optimal classifier based on previous data. Different techniques are used to estimate the disease type using nine attributes of the breast cancer data set. Inferences are drawn from the comparative study.

In the paper on “Brain Tumor Classification using Enhanced Statistical Texture Features” the authors present a method for brain tumor segmentation and detection using MRI sequence images as input image for defining the tumor region. The algorithm uses edge based contourlet transform for multiple input images registration, fusion and pre-processing, to estimate the Region of Interest of the tumor region. The paper presents the simulation study of the method and compares it with other methods to bring out its efficacy.

The next paper on “Adaptive Predictive Current Control of Field Oriented Controlled Induction Motor Drive” presents the design of an adaptive predictive current controller (PCC) for direct field oriented control (DFOC) induction motor (IM) drive. The controller uses an objective function to reduce the error between predicted and reference stator currents. The paper presents the dynamic performance of the machine under different operating conditions using simulation studies and experimental setup from which inferences are drawn about its efficacy.

The paper titled “Trajectory Tracking of Nonlinear Unmanned Rotorcraft Based on Polytopic Modeling and State Feedback Control” deals with the problem of tracking trajectory of unmanned rotorcraft based on nonlinear modelling and state feedback control. It presents the tracking route based on nonlinear modelling. The final control signal does not require a dynamic system model and control calculations are performed using a Polytopic system model. The details of the algorithm are described in the paper along with its performance using system simulations for different operating conditions.

The next paper on “Comparative Analysis of Three Nonlinear Control Strategies for Grid Connected PV System” studies about the limits of power injected to a grid by a photovoltaic system. system consists of two main controllers: the DC/DC boost converter to track the possible maximum power from the photovoltaic panels and the grid-tied three phase inverter. The paper presents simulation studies about the robustness of sliding mode control strategy and improvement in power quality and compares the performance with other control strategies.

In “HQEBSKG: Hybrid Query Expansion Based on Semantic Knowledgebase and Grouping” the authors present a hybrid method for query expansion for information search in the web. It comprises of a technique that is proposed to expand users’ queries based on semantic knowledgebase followed by a method that is based on semantic relations between words. The comparative performance of the method is studied and reported in the paper.

The following paper on “S-Transform based Kurtosis Analysis for Detection of LG and LL Faults in 14 Bus Microgrid System” presents an algorithm to detect fault and classify the fault type in a microgrid system. The algorithm has been studied in simulation environment on the IEEE standard 14 bus microgrid system. The paper presents a discussion on the usefulness of the design for better protection schemes for such systems.

The paper titled “Compact slotted Microstrip antenna for 5G Applications Operating at 28GHz” presents the design of microstrip antennas for 28 Gigahertz 5G applications. Three different models of microstrip antennas with variations in slots are presented. The method to increase the bandwidth compared to existing designs is discussed. The paper presents the simulation study of the designs and makes inferences from the study.

The next paper on “An Automated Crop and Plant Disease Identification Scheme using Cognitive Fuzzy C-Means Algorithm” addresses the problem of disease detection from crops and plants from images. It presents an algorithm for noise removal from the image and identification of objects in the image followed by the process of differentiating normal from abnormal regions. The paper presents study of performance evaluation of the algorithm for diseases in apple trees and rice crop and compares the performance with other techniques to make inferences about the efficacy of the algorithm.

In “Deep Eigen Space based ASL Recognition System” the authors present an algorithm for automatic sign language recognition. The algorithm is compared with previous methods and its efficacy of performance is presented in the paper.

The paper titled “Chaos or Randomness? Effect of Vagus Nerve Stimulation During Sleep on Heart-Rate Variability” addresses the problem of loss of heart rate variability that increases the risk of mortality from cardiovascular diseases. The method of Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) has the potential to restore the natural chaotic behavior of the heart which can be measured by an increase in complexity measures. Accordingly, the paper presents and studies two hypothesis – firstly that chaotic time series exhibit lower temporal correlation of complexity measures than uniformly random time series, and secondly that Vagus Nerve Stimulation results in chaotic cardiovascular dynamics. The paper infers that Vagus Nerve Stimulation activation leads to deterministic chaos and not stochastic randomness. Further discussion on these aspects is presented in the paper.

The next paper titled “Correlation and Relief Attribute Rank-based Feature Selection Methods for Detection of Alcoholic Disorder using Electroencephalogram Signals” presents a study of EEG signals from subjects to detect alcoholic disorder. It presents an alcoholism detection model from EEG signals wherein linear and non-linear features are used with feature selection and classifier architectures such as SVM, k-NN to discriminate alcoholic and control group members. The results are presented and discussed in the paper.

The paper on “A Weighted Voting Classifiers Ensemble for the Brain Tumors Classification in MR Images” presents a method for the segmentation and classification of three types of brain tumors (i.e., meningioma, glioma, and pituitary tumor) in real MRI images. The steps of the method comprising of image quality enhancement, image segmentation, feature extraction and classification are presented. The results are presented based on MR images and comparison of results with the ground truth in form of interpretation by experienced radiologist.

The paper titled “Optimization of Bio-Impedance Techniques-based Monitoring System for Medical & Industrial Applications” is on the topic of Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) that provides a technique to estimate the electrical properties of the interior of a biological tissue by the measurements of voltage and current signals from its boundary. The paper presents a study of optimization methods for bio-impedance techniques-based monitoring system. The system design and processing techniques are presented and discussed in the paper.

In the paper on “Anodization of Titanium Alloy (Grade 5) to obtain Nanoporous Surface Using Sulfuric Acid Electrolyte,” the authors present a study of titanium oxide film obtained on Ti6Al4V alloy by an anodic oxidation method within the sulfuric acid electrolyte to achieve an optimized value of the process parameters. The process parameters are studied and optimized in experimental setting and SEM analysis. The process dependencies and insights are discussed in the paper.

The next paper on “PCA-aided FCM Identifies Stressful Events of Sleep EEG under Hot Environment” presents analysis studies of sleep EEG using principal component analysis and fuzzy C means clustering. It classifies sleep into three classes and presents results of performance of the study.

The paper on “Optimized Intelligent Coordinator for Load Frequency Control in a Two-area System with PV Plant and Thermal Generator” presents a coordination approach for thermal generator and solar photovoltaic (PV) plant in a two-area power system. The coordinator design based on fuzzy controller is discussed and compared with classic controllers that use constant gain for nominal state operation of the system. The effectiveness of the approach is studied and presented through the two-area power system with different scenarios of variations in load and solar radiation.

The following paper on “Performance Analysis of Multipliers Using Modified Gate Diffused Input Technology” presents an approach for implementing 8-bit array multiplier, Wallace Tree multiplier and Vedic multiplier using modified Gate Diffusion Input (m-GDI) technology. It presents comparative analysis of area, power and delay. It reports that multipliers built on m-GDI logic occupy less area and have less delay than multipliers based on CMOS logic, GDI logic and Booth multiplier. Also Vedic multiplier is reported to perform better in terms of area, speed and power than array multiplier and Wallace tree multiplier. The inferences are discussed in the paper.

The next paper titled “Optimization of Fractional Order Controllers for AVR System Using Distance and Levy Flight Based Crow Search Algorithm” presents optimization methods for three Fractional order controllers: Fractional Order Proportional-Integral Derivative (FOPID), Fractional Order Proportional-Integral (FOPI) and Fractional Order Proportional Derivative (FOPD) controllers. The novel aspects include method to improve the convergence rate and efficiency of the algorithm, adaptive awareness probability to set a trade-off between local and global search and Fuzzy based adaptive objective function to adjust the solution weights. The methods are compared with existing methods and results are presented to highlight the efficacy of the method.

Editor-in-Chief

Shiban K Koul is currently an emeritus professor at the Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi. He served as deputy director (Strategy and Planning) at IIT Delhi from 2012–2016 and mentor deputy director (Strategy & Planning, International affairs) at IIT Jammu from 2018–2021. He also served as the chairman of Astra Microwave Products Limited, Hyderabad from 2009–2019 and Dr R P Shenoy Astra Microwave Chair professor at IIT Delhi from 2014–2019. His research interests include RF MEMS, high frequency wireless communication, microwave engineering, microwave passive and active circuits, device modelling, millimetre and sub-millimetre wave IC design, body area networks, flexible and wearable electronics, medical applications of sub-terahertz waves and reconfigurable microwave circuits including miniaturized antennas. Successfully completed 38 major sponsored projects, 52 consultancy projects and 61 technology development projects. He has authored/co-authored 586 research papers, 19 state-of-the art books, 4 book chapters and 2 E-books. He holds 26 patents, 6 copyrights and one Trademark. He has guided 30 PhD thesis and more than 100 Master's theses. He is a Life Fellow of IEEE and Fellow of INAE and IETE. He is the Chief Editor of IETE Journal of Research, Associate Editor of the International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies, Cambridge University Press. He served as a Distinguished Microwave Lecturer of IEEE MTT-S for the period 2012–2014.

Recipient of numerous awards including IEEE MTT Society Distinguished Educator Award (2014); Teaching Excellence Award (2012) from IIT Delhi; Indian National Science Academy (INSA) Young Scientist Award (1986); Top Invention Award (1991) of the National Research Development Council for his contributions to the indigenous development of ferrite phase shifter technology; VASVIK Award (1994) for the development of Ka-band components and phase shifters; Ram Lal Wadhwa Gold Medal (1995) from the Institution of Electronics and Communication Engineers (IETE); Academic Excellence Award (1998) from Indian Government for his pioneering contributions to phase control modules for Rajendra Radar, Shri Om Prakash Bhasin Award (2009) in the field of Electronics and Information Technology, VASVIK Award (2012) for the contributions made to the area of Information, Communication Technology (ICT) and M N Saha Memorial Award (2013) from IETE. Email: [email protected]