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Disease Reports and Disease Diagnostics / Rapports des Maladies

Colletotrichum brevisporum causing anthracnose of papaya (Carica papaya L.) in Mexico

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 360-366 | Accepted 22 Mar 2023, Published online: 14 Apr 2023
 

Abstract

Papaya fruit cv. Maradol showing typical symptoms of anthracnose were observed in a commercial orchard located in the municipality of Pinotepa Nacional at the coastal region of Oaxaca, Mexico in September 2020. The incidence rate of anthracnose reached 60%. The symptoms consisted of sunken, water-soaked lesions with salmon-coloured conidia masses on the surface of papaya fruit. The aim of this study was to identify the causal agent of papaya anthracnose based on the phylogenetic analysis of four concatenated datasets. The isolate exhibited sparse white to greyish aerial mycelium and clearly shaped concentric rings with exudate of orange conidia on potato dextrose agar. The fungus was identified as Colletotrichum brevisporum using sequence data of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, and part of the actin (act), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh), and chitin synthase (chs-1) genes. The fungus isolated from diseased fruit produced lesions on wounded fruit and unwounded fruit. The pathogen was re-isolated from lesions on inoculated fruit to fulfill Koch’s postulates. To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. brevisporum causing anthracnose disease on papaya fruit in Mexico.

Résumé

En septembre 2020, des papayes var. Maradol affichant des symptômes typiques de l’anthracnose ont été observées dans des vergers commerciaux situés dans la municipalité de Pinotepa Nacional de la région côtière d’Oaxaca, au Mexique. Le taux d’incidence de l’anthracnose a atteint 60 %. Les symptômes consistaient en des lésions concaves aqueuses comportant des masses de conidies saumon à la surface des fruits. Le but de cette étude était d’identifier l’agent causal de l’anthracnose chez la papaye en se basant sur l’analyse phylogénétique de quatre ensembles de données concaténées. Sur la gélose dextrosée à la pomme de terre, l’isolat a affiché un mycélium aérien blanc-grisâtre clairsemé et des anneaux concentriques bien définis comportant un exsudat de conidies orangées. Le champignon a été identifié en tant que Colletotrichum brevisporum à l’aide des données de séquences de la région de l’espaceur transcrit interne (ITS) et d’une partie des gènes de l’actine (act), de la glycéraldhéyde-3-phosphate déshydrogénase (gapdh) et de la chitine synthase (chs-1). Le champignon isolé, prélevé sur des fruits infectés, a produit des lésions sur des fruits meurtris et sains. L’agent pathogène a de nouveau été isolé à partir des lésions produites sur les fruits inoculés afin de vérifier les postulats de Koch. À notre connaissance, il s’agit de la première mention de C. brevisporum causant l’anthracnose chez la papaye au Mexique.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work was funded by Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Grants: SIP 20200390, SIP 20210484, SIP 20211078, SIP 20220034) and supported by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) of Mexico doctoral scholarship (2020-000013-01NACF-08988).

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