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Studies in Political Economy
A Socialist Review
Volume 97, 2016 - Issue 3
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Research Article

Embedding neoliberalism in Greece: the transformation of collective bargaining and labour market policy in Greece during the Eurozone crisis

 

Abstract

This paper examines the current struggles between labour and capital in Greece within the broader context of attempts to integrate Southern Europe into the neoliberal project of European Monetary Union (EMU). In the absence of institutional mechanisms, such as institutions of competitive corporatism, to restrain organized labour and embed neoliberalism in Greece, the austerity measures imposed on Greece by the Troika of the European Union (EU), European Central Bank (ECB), and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) are precipitating an internal devaluation of labour costs through the institutional transformation of collective bargaining institutions and the flexibilization of labour markets, and further embedding neoliberalism through the creation of National Competitiveness Boards.

Notes

Disclosure statement

The author reports no conflicts of interest. The author alone is responsible for the content and writing of this article.

Notes on contributor

Geoff Kennedy teaches in the Department of Political Science at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon, USA.

Notes

1 Cahill, The End of Laissez-Faire? 106.

2 Soederberg, Menz, and Cerny, Internalizing Globalization, 1–30.

3 Rhodes, “Social Pacts”; Pochet, Keune, and Natali, After the Euro; Avdagic, Rhodes, and Visser, Social Pacts.

4 Beiling and Schulten, “Competitive Restructuring,” 239.

5 European Commission, Growth, Competitiveness, Employment.

6 Amable, Modern Capitalism.

7 Talani and Cervino, “Mediterranean Labour.”

8 European Commission, Growth, Competitiveness, Employment, 17.

9 European Commission, European Social Policy.

10 European Commission, European Social Policy, 9.

11 Palier, Goodbye to Bismarck?

12 Albo, “A World Market.”

13 Gray, Unsocial Europe, 66.

14 European Commission, Amsterdam, 34.

15 European Commission, Lisbon.

16 Kok, Enlarging the European Union, 3.

17 Employment Taskforce, Jobs, Jobs, Jobs, 18.

18 Employment Taskforce, Jobs, Jobs, Jobs, 57.

20 Locke and Baccaro, “Italian Unions”; Fraile, “Spanish Unions.”

21 Lavdas, “Interest Groups in Disjointed Corporatism.”

22 Pagoulatos, Greece’s New Political Economy.

23 The favourability principles refers to Article 10 of Law 1876/1990, which stipulates that firm-level agreements cannot establish wage levels and benefits below those agreed to at the national level.

24 Featherstone and Papadimitriou, The Limits of Europeanization, 129.

25 Ioannou, “Odysseus or Sisyphus’ Revisited,” 90.

26 European Commission, Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance, Article 1.

27 European Commission, Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance, Article 3.1(b).

28 Radice, “Enforcing Austerity.”

29 European Commission, Stability, Coordination and Governance, Title IV, Article 9.

30 International Monetary Fund, Greece.

31 International Monetary Fund, Greece.

32 International Monetary Fund, “Statement.”

33 International Monetary Fund, “Statement.”

34 International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook.

35 Eurofound, Changes to Wage Setting; Hermann, “Structural Adjustment”; Keune, “EU’s Assault on Collective Bargaining.”

36 International Labour Organization, “Law 1876.”

37 Greece, Letter of Intent (November 30, 2011), 16.

38 International Labour Organization, “Law 1876.”

39 Greece, Letter of Intent (February 28, 2011), 51.

40 Eurofound, Impact of the Crisis, 25.

41 SETE is the newly formed Association of Greek Tourism Enterprises.

42 Nikolopoulos and Patra, “Trade Unions in Greece.”

43 Lanara, Trade Unions in Greece, 8.

44 Eurofound, Changes to Wage Setting, 11.

45 Kopsini, “Collective Labor Agreements.”

46 Greece, Letter of Intent (November 30, 2011), 16.

47 Papadimitriou, “Greek Labour Law,” 16.

49 International Labour Organization, “Law 1876.”

50 Salourou, “Collective Labor Contracts.”

52 Eurofound, Industrial Relations, 74.

53 OECD, Economic Policy Reforms.

54 European Commission, National Competitiveness Boards, 3.

55 European Commission, National Competitiveness Boards, 8.

56 European Commission, National Competitiveness Boards, 3.

57 Bieling and Schulten, “Competitive Restructuring.”

58 European Commission, National Competitiveness Boards, 3.

59 Interview with Giorgos Mylonas, President of the Athens Labour Centre, Athens (June 23, 2016).

60 At the time of writing, the Leave campaign emerged victorious in the United Kingdom’s Brexit referendum. The hope among Greek trade unionists is that Brexit will force European elites to rethink the current austerity programs being imposed on Greece. Interview with Mylonas Giorgos (June 23, 2016).

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