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Acknowledgement
This paper is based on a Workshop paper presented at the 1992 RAP1 Congress, Planning for Sustainable Development Solutions, Canberra.
Notes
1. e.g. for 1980: Total rail patronage = 148.5 million. Toronto Metro population was 2.1 million, producing the figure of about 70 rail trips per head quoted by Newman and Kenworthy. But the CMA population was about 2.95 million (per capital rail trip rate of 50) and the GTA population was about 3.65 million (40 rail trips per head). The population quoted by Newman and Kenworthy for an undefined ‘metropolitan area’ was 3.4 million, which gives 43 rail trips per head. The rate for Sydney is quoted as 64.9 and for Melbourne 31.5 for heavy rail and 36.9 for trams. The Australian cities do not compare badly at all.
