ABSTRACT
Objectives
Depression and cognitive impairment are disabling conditions that commonly occur together in older adults. The interaction is challenging when choosing appropriate measurement scales. This review aimed to summarize the scales to measure depression symptoms in older people with cognitive impairment, investigating how cognitive impairment is related to the choice of measurement, and how the setting may affect the choice of measurement.
Methods
A scoping review of literature published between 2015 and 2021.
Results
After screening 1580 articles, 26 were included in the review with 11 different measures of depression symptoms identified. The measures mostly commonly used were the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (CSDD) and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI-Q). Most studies did not report on the usability of depression scales used with people with cognitive impairment and only two scales (CSDD and NPI-Q, not GDS) have been validated for use with this population.
Conclusions
Severe cognitive impairment was under-represented in the identified studies, and no association was detected between study setting, cognitive impairment and type of measure used.
Clinical Implications
Clinicians and researchers should consider both the cognitive status of participants and the setting they live in when choosing a measure of depression symptoms.
Clinical implications
Clinicians and researchers should consider the appropriateness of a depression scale to the setting and cognitive capacity of participants.
Choosing an appropriate scale to measure depression symptoms can help with valid reliable screening of depression symptoms and facilitate a more thorough assessment of depression by a trained clinician.
Acknowledgments
An earlier version of this paper was submitted by the lead author as part of a Master of Psychology (Educational and Developmental).
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Data availability
The data for this paper is not available because it is a literature review.