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ABSTRACT
Hypertension is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Prevalence is reported to be 26% and may increase by 29.2% in 2025. Consumption of alcohol, increased BMI and metabolic syndrome are the main causal factors of risk of hypertension. The interrelationship between alcohol use disorder and the risk of hypertension-related mortality in alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is increasingly acknowledged. The study intended to address the health issue regarding alcohol use disorder and the risk of development of hypertension in ALD. This is a hospital-based prospective case-control study. A total of 139 study subjects were enrolled, of which 62 were ALD, and 77 were nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Diagnosed progression of liver disease based on scoring method. The Chi-square test and independent-sample t-test were used for categorical variables and baseline characteristics, respectively. We observed 67 (48.20%) and 46 (33.09%) incident cases of hypertension in subjects with ALD and NAFLD, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension between the groups of ALD and NAFLD was statistically significant [P = .0017; OR 4.855 (95% CI: 1.810–13.020)]. Gradual increase in the incidence of hypertension in patients with ALD was observed due to alcohol use disorder, obesity, and metabolic syndrome.
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to all participants involved in this study.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Ethical approval
The study was approved by the human ethical committee at the Aarupadai Veedu Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation (Deemed to be University) (IEC: AV/IEC/2020/056), and all procedures were following the declaration of Helsinki.