CWM: Its Past, Present and Future

Abstract

Moderately loaded CWM started in the USSR in the 1950's as a means of transporting coal, and there is one operating long distance coal-slurry pipeline at present in the United States. Highly loaded CWM based on bituminous coal was developed in Asia. Europe and the United States after the second oil shock in 1978 and it is now ready for commercial use. Because of the stabilization of oil prices at low levels after the reverse oil shock in 1986, the CWM market has been retarded. High concentration slurries of other types of coal, such as sub-bituminous coal, brown coal and petroleum coke are still under development and in the demonstration stage in Australia, Japan and the United States.

Keywords:

• Coal water mixture
• CWM
• history of CWM
• low rank coal
• upgrading

Additional information

Notes on contributors

NOBORU HASHIMOTO

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