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Review

Epidemiological Assessment of Oral Cancer Burden in Pakistan

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 842-853 | Received 17 Oct 2020, Accepted 15 Sep 2021, Published online: 13 Oct 2021
 

Abstract

Oral cancer ranks first among males and is the primary cause of cancer-related deaths in Pakistan. We studied the epidemiology and risk factors associated with this cancer. The main risk factors in the Pakistani population include the usage of chewable and non-chewable tobacco, areca nut, betel leaf, poor dental hygiene practices, oncogenic viral infections, and genetic predispositions. The impact of socioeconomic status and the available health resources on the management of oral cancer is also discussed. It is concluded that being a low-middle economy efforts should be primarily focused on awareness for early screening, diagnosis, and prevention strategies.

Disclosure statement

The authors report no conflict of interest.

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