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ABSTRACT
The textural properties of apple, banana, carrot and potato were experimentally determined by uniaxial compressive tests of cylindrical specimens at a constant deformation rate of 5mm/min. Compression tests were performed, following air drying, at various moisture contents ranging from 0.2 to 6 kg/kg db. The tests were performed using a universal texture testing machine and simple mathematical equations were used to correlate the maximum experimental stress and the corresponding strain to the moisture content. It was shown that the maximum stress decreases as the moisture content decreases, until a critical moisture content of 1.8 kg water/kg dry solids. Further removal of water tends to increase the maximum stress. The maximum experimental strain was found to increase as water was removed. The stress-strain data of compression test were modelled using a simple mathematical model, containing parameters such as the maximum stress (ow), the maximum strain (dim), the elastic parameter (E) and the viscoelastic exponent (p). The effect of the moisture content on the compressive behavior of dried materials was introduced through its effect on the model parameters. The shift in compression behavior at 1.8 kg water/kg solids leads to the conclusion that there is an important change of structure at this moisture content.
