Water Content Determinations for Peat and Other Organic Soils Using the Oven-Drying Method

Abstract

There has been much debate in the literature over the past 60 years regarding an appropriate oven-drying temperature for water content determinations in peat and other organic soils. For inorganic soils, the water content is usually based on the equilibrium dry mass corresponding to drying temperatures in the range 100–110°C. However, for peat and other organic soils, several researchers have recommended lower drying temperatures in the range 60–90°C in an attempt to prevent possible charring, oxidation, and/or vaporization of substances other than pore water. However, all of the relevant water is not fully evaporated at too low a temperature, and because specimen dry mass is a function of drying temperature, the resulting water content values are lower than those determined for the temperature range 100–110°C. Experimental data reported in this article show that oven drying of peat and other organic soils at 100–110°C using either gravity–convection or forced-draft ovens is acceptable for routine water content determinations. Because a standardized oven temperature is desirable when correlating water content with other material properties, it is recommended that oven drying of peat and other organic soils be performed over temperature ranges of either 105–110°C or 105 ± 5°C, in line with standardized ranges for inorganic soils.

Keywords:

• Moisture content
• Oxidation
• Soil
• Standards
• Thermal characterization

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The writers thank Eoin Dunne and Martin Carney (Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin) for performing the original geotechnical laboratory tests reported in this article. The writers also thank Dr. Osario-Salas for permission to reproduce some data presented in Fig. 10.

Notes

Note: ^†Based on 48-h drying period at 105°C; nr = not recorded.

Note: nr = not reported.