True, Particle, and Bulk Density of Shrinkable Biomaterials: Evaluation from Drying Experiments

Abstract

A method of evaluation of bulk, particle, and true density of shrinkable biomaterials from drying experiments was developed. Density was calculated from instantaneous shrinkage and mass measurements, using the correlation between dimensionless values of density ρ, shrinkage ξ, and moisture content X. Bulk density evolution during drying was found to be dependent on temperature and material shrinkability. For example, the bulk density of wild blueberry increased from 1.03 to 1.26 g/cm³ at 40°C and decreased from 1.03 to 0.38 g/cm³ at 60°C. Particle density increased with moisture removal. True density was evaluated in the range 1.59–1.61 g/cm³ for wild blueberry and 1.45–1.56 g/cm³ for ginseng root.

Keywords:

• Imaging
• Real-time
• Shrinkability
• Shrinkage
• Solids density

Notes

^a Measured with a pycnometer.

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