In silico analysis of marine natural product from sponge (Clathria Sp.) for their activity as inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease

Abstract

The target for COVID-19 has been successfully crystallized along with its inhibitor, named SARS-CoV-2 main protease, making it easier for drug discovery and development. Sponge (Clathria Sp.) is a marine species that can be found in Indonesia and has a unique chemical structure that is still rarely explored in its properties. Therefore, this study aims to examined the potential of marine natural products from sponge (Clathria Sp.) as SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitor using in silico method. The ligand structures were obtained from the Knapsack database and the protein structure obtained from the RCSB site with the PDB code: 6LU7. The molecular docking method was validated by re-docked the native ligand and calculated the RMSD value. The compounds contained in Sponge were docked into the active site of the protein based on the validated methods. Afterward, the molecular dynamics were performed for 100 ns simulation, then analyzed its system complex stability. The RMSD 1.329 Å was obtained by re-docked of native ligand which indicates that the docking method was valid. Molecular docking of the ligands showed mirabilin_G has binding energy −7.38 kcal/mol, compared to the native ligand N3 inhibitor that is −7.30 kcal/mol, and the ligand showed good stability from molecular dynamics simulation indicated by RMSD, RMSF and MM-PBSA binding free energy similar to the inhibitor during 100 ns simulation. Its indicated the potential of the compounds contained in the sponge as inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 main protease.

Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

Keywords:

• COVID-19
• in silico
• main protease
• sponge (Clathria Sp.)
• marine natural product

Acknowledgements

The authors to the Head of STIKES Mandala Waluya Kendari, Institute for Research and Community Service (LPPM) STIKES Mandala Waluya Kendari, and the head of the Pharmacy Department for the support so the research can be carried out.

Disclosure statement

The authors declare no competing financial interests.