Interaction of Anagrelide drug molecule on pristine and doped boron nitride nanocages: a DFT, RDG, PCM and QTAIM investigation

Abstract

Nowadays, a nanostructure-based drug delivery system is one of the most noticeable topics to be studied, and in this regard, boron nitride nanoclusters are promising drug carriers for targeted drug delivery systems. In this article, the interaction mechanism of Anagrelide (AG) drug with B12N12 and Al- and Ga-doped B12N12 nanocages have been investigated using DFT with B3LYP/6-31 G (d, p) method in both gas and water media. All our studied complexes are thermodynamically stable, and doped nanocage complexes have higher negative adsorption energy (E_Ad.) and negative solvation energy than AG/B12N12 complexes which correspond to the stability of these systems in both media. The negative highest E_Ad value is 64.98 kcal/mol (63.17 kcal/mol) and 65.69 kcal/mol (65.11 kcal/mol) in gas (water) media for complex F (AG/AlB11N12) and complex I (AG/GaB11N12) respectively, which refers to the highest stability of these systems. The enhanced values of dipole moment (from 12.40 (12.65) Debye to 17.21 (17.69) Debye in complex F (complex I)) also confirm their stability. The QTAIM and RDG analysis endorse the strong adsorption nature of the AG drug onto the AlB11N12, and GaB11N12 nanocages, which is consistent with the adsorption energy as chemisorption occurs for these complexes. According to the electronic properties, doped nanocages show high sensitivity that infers their promising nature for drug delivery purposes. Thus, complex F and complex I are promising drug delivery systems, and doped nanocages (AlB11N12 and GaB11N12) are better carriers than pristine nanocages for the AG drug delivery system.

Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

KEYWORD:

• Adsorption
• Anagrelide drug
• DFT
• BN nanocage
• AlBN nanocage
• GaBN nanocage

Acknowledgments

We thankfully acknowledge the Higher Education Quality Enhancement Program (HEQEP) subproject CP-3415, University Grant Commission (UGC) of Bangladesh, and the World Bank for the financial assistance to set up the Computational Physics (CP) Research Lab in the Department of Physics at Jahangirnagar University. Furthermore, we are thankful to the Ministry of Science and Technology, Bangladesh for their financial support in this project conducted by the Condensed Matter Physics lab members at Jahangirnagar University through their R&D fund allocation program. We are also very thankful to PUST Research Cell for their fund allocation to set up the Computational Lab at the Department of Physics of Pabna University of Science and Technology.

Credit authorship contribution statement

Maliha Nishat: Writing—Original Draft, Formal analysis. Md. Rakib Hossain: Conceptualization, Writing—Review & Editing, Investigation. Md. Mehade Hasan: Writing—Review & Editing, Data Curation. Md. Kamal Hossain: Visualization, Softwares. Md. Abul Hossain: Resources, Softwares. Farid Ahmed: Funding acquisition, Resources, Supervision.

Disclosure statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have influenced the work reported in this paper.

Funding

The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.