Intersectionality as an assembly of analytic practices: subjects, relations, and situated comparisons

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No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Notes

¹ Ange-Marie Hancock, Intersectionality: An Intellectual History (New York: Oxford University Press, forthcoming, 2016).

² See Peter A. Hall, “Aligning Ontology and Methodology in Comparative Research,” in J. Mahoney and D. Reuschemeyer (eds), Comparative Historical Analysis in the Social Sciences (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003), pp. 373–404.

³ Ange-Marie Hancock, “Intersectionality’s Will Toward Social Transformation.” New Political Science 37:4 (2015), pp. 620–627.

⁴ Ibid.

⁵ Rita Kaur Dhamoon, “Considerations on Mainstreaming Intersectionality,” Political Research Quarterly 64:1 (2011), pp. 230–243.

⁶ Patricia Hill Collins, “Intersectionality’s Definitional Dilemmas,” Annual Review of Sociology 41 (2015), pp. 1–3, 20.

⁷ Dhamoon, “Considerations on Mainstreaming”; Ange-Marie Hancock, “Intersectionality as a Normative and Empirical Paradigm,” Politics & Gender 3:2 (2007), pp. 248–253; Leslie McCall, “The Complexity of Intersectionality,” Signs 30:3 (2007), pp. 1771–1800.

⁸ Sumi Cho, Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw, and Leslie McCall, “Toward a Field of Intersectionality Studies: Theory, Applications, and Praxis,” Signs 38:4 (2013), pp. 785–810.

⁹ Nikol G. Alexander-Floyd, “Disappearing Acts: Reclaiming Intersectionality in the Social Sciences in a Post-Black Feminist Era,” Feminist Formations, 24:1 (2012), pp. 1–25; Cho, Crenshaw, and McCall, “Toward a Field”; Collins, “Intersectionality’s Definitional Dilemmas”; Hancock forthcoming (2016) book.

¹⁰ Hancock, “Intersectionality’s Will,” pp. 620–627.

¹¹ Hancock, forthcoming (2016) book manuscript, p. 179.

¹² Collins, “Intersectionality’s Definitional Dilemmas.”

¹³ Kimberelé Williams Crenshaw, “Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory, and Antiracist Politics,” The University of Chicago Legal Forum 139 (1989), pp. 140.

¹⁴ The last phrase is drawn from Patricia Hill Collins, Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment (Boston, MA: Unwin Hyman, 1990).

¹⁵ See also, Ange-Marie Hancock, “Intersectionality as a Normative and Empirical Paradigm,” Politics & Gender 3:2 (2007), pp. 248–253.

¹⁶ Devon Carbado and Mitu Gulati, Acting White? Rethinking Race in “Post-Racial” America (New York: Oxford University Press, 2013), p. 71.

¹⁷ Cho et al., “Toward a Field of Intersectionality Studies”; Crenshaw, “Demarginalizing the Intersection.”

¹⁸ Hancock, “Intersectionality as a Normative and Empirical Paradigm.”

¹⁹ Evelyn Nakano Glenn, “The Social Construction and Institutionalization of Gender and Race: An Integrative Framework.” in M.M. Ferree, J. Lorber, and B.B. Hess (eds), Revisioning Gender (Lanham, MD: AltaMira Press, 1999), p. 4.

²⁰ Ange-Marie Hancock, Intersectionality, forthcoming (2016) book manuscript, p. 102.

²¹ See for example, Charles Tilly, Durable Inequality (Berkeley, CA: California University Press, 1998).

²² See for example, Mary Jackman, The Velvet Glove: Paternalism and Conflict in Gender, Class, and Race Relations (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1994).

²³ See, for example, Glenn, “The Social Construction and Institutionalization.”

²⁴ Cho et al., “Toward a Field of Intersectionality Studies”; Dhamoon, “Considerations on Mainstreaming”; Hancock, “Intersectionality as a Normative and Empirical Paradigm”; Julia Jordan-Zachary, “Am I a Black Woman or a Woman Who is Black? A Few Thoughts on the Meaning of Intersectionality,” Politics and Gender 3:2 (2007), pp. 254–263.

²⁵ Christina Beltrán, The Trouble with Unity: Latino Politics and the Creation of Identity (London: Oxford University Press, 2010); Lisa Marie Cacho, “The Presumption of White Innocence,” American Quarterly 66:4 (2014), pp. 1085–1090; Cathy J. Cohen, The Boundaries of Blackness: AIDS and the Breakdown of Black Politics (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999); Dara Z. Strolovitch, Affirmative Advocacy: Race, Class, and Gender in Interest Group Politics (Chicago, IL: University Of Chicago Press, 2007).

²⁶ Collins, “Intersectionality’s Definitional Dilemmas”; Hancock, “Intersectionality as a Normative and Empirical Paradigm.”

²⁷ Dhamoon, “Considerations on Mainstreaming.”

²⁸ Cho et al., “Toward a Field of Intersectionality Studies.”

²⁹ Cacho, “The Presumption of White Innocence.”

³⁰ Dara Z. Strolovitch, “Intersectionality in Time: Sexuality and the Shifting Boundaries of Intersectional Marginalization,” Politics & Gender 8:3 (2012), pp. 386–396.

³¹ Zein Murib, “Transgender: Examining an Emerging Political Identity Using Three Political Processes,” Politics, Groups, and Identities 3:3 (2015), pp. 381–397. Transgender was introduced in mainstream political discourse in the 1990s to describe identities that were previously referred to as transsexual or transvestite. See Murib, “Transgender: Examining an Emerging Political Identity Using Three Political Processes,” p. 384.

³² Nina Bernstein, “Officials Hid Truth of Immigrant Deaths in Jail,” The New York Times, January 10, 2010, A1.

³³ Jennicet Guitérrez, “I Interrupted President Obama Because We Need to be Heard,” Washington Blade, June 25, 2015.