Chrononutrition behaviors, sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, sleep quality and the association with body mass index among Malaysian women

ABSTRACT

The present study aimed to determine the association between chrononutrition behaviors, sugar-sweetened beverage intake, and sleep quality among Malaysian women. A cross-sectional study using a validated, self-administered Chrononutrition Profile Questionnaire, Beverage Questionnaire and Sleep Quality Index were conducted among 934 Malaysian women. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to obtain odds ratios of being overweight/underweight and to test the association with poor sleep quality. 40% of Malaysian women were either overweight or obese and 65.4% had poor sleep quality. We found that breakfast skipping (OR: 4.101; CI: 2.378–7.070), poor evening eating (OR: 4.073; CI: 1.631–10.186), and eating the largest meal at night (OR: 6.970; CI: 1.944–24.994) increased the odds of being underweight. On the other hand, the daily consumption of 100% fruit juices (OR: 1.668; CI: 1.058–1.731), daily consumption of sweetened coffee or tea (OR: 1.707; CI: 1.162–2.508) and consumption of diet soft drinks by 6 times or fewer (OR: 1.484; CI: 1.066–2.064) are associated with increased odds of being overweight. However, when adjusted, only poor evening latency (AOR: 16.638; CI: 1.986–139.383) revealed an increased odd of being underweight. The highest odds predicting poor sleep quality were found for eating the largest meal during dinner (OR: 3.696; CI: 1.967–6.945) and (AOR: 2.194; CI: 1.119–4.304) when adjusted. Hence, the result indicates that multifactorial impacts on women’s body weight and recommendations to adjust chrononutrition and sugar-sweetened beverages intake in lifestyle must be done carefully considering other parameters together.

KEYWORDS:

• Chrononutrition
• sugar-sweetened beverages
• overweight
• sleep quality
• women

Acknowledgments

We thank all participants involved in this study.

Author contributions

Conceptualization, supervision, review, editing, NIMFT.; methodology, review, editing, NJ; review, editing, SD; investigation, data analysis, original draft preparation, AN; investigation, data analysis, original draft preparation, AD; investigation, data analysis, original draft preparation, N; investigation, data analysis, original draft preparation, SIN. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Informed consent statement

Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.

Institutional review board statement

The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Universiti Teknologi MARA Research Ethics Committee (FERC/FSK/MR/2022/0092, dated 18^th May 2022).

Supplementary material

Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2023.2267679.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by Universiti Teknologi MARA, 600-RMC/YTR/5/3 [001/2022].