Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms (CyanoHABs): Developing a Public Health Response

ABSTRACT

Cyanobacteria, or blue-green algae, are ancient photosynthetic organisms that grow in brackish or fresh water. Species within several genera and some strains within these species produce potent toxins that can induce severe illness in animals and people. Although cyanobacterial toxins (cyanotoxins) are important environmental contaminants, public health activities are limited to emergency responses to specific poisoning events. However, more long-term public health issues, such as cyanotoxins in drinking water, have also been identified. The potential for human exposure to cyanobacterial toxins through their drinking water has been inadequately evaluated, and the public health impact from exposure to these toxins remains unknown. The response to this emerging issue will include assessing exposure, conducting epidemiologic research, and providing public health interventions.

Key Words:

• blue-green algae
• cyanobacteria
• cyanobacterial toxins
• cyanotoxins
• drinking water