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Abstract
This essay explores the protest rhetoric and extra-discursive actions of wage earning women in their economic and political struggles in the early twentieth century. Wage earning activists employed a rhetoric of collectivity in speeches and pamphlets, using this rhetorical framework as a foundation for extra-verbal actions such as strikes and walk-outs. This essay attempts to shed light on the ways that subordinate groups construct and engage an agency capable of transformation within a context constrained by objective structures and systems.