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Abstract
Introduction: A removable intraoral device is often manufactured in hard acrylic that is placed over the incisal and occlusal surfaces of the teeth [Citation1]. Currently the state of competitive anxiety is mostly observed as a specific situation constructed multidimensionally with a component both somatic and cognitive being that this situation affects the motor and cognitive performance of the athletes during the competition [Citation2]. This study aimed to analyze the changes in the state of anxiety with the use of intraoral devices in Golf athletes.
Materials and methods: After study approval by the Ethic Commission of the Cooperativa de ensino Egas Moniz, athletes from the Centro Nacional de Formação de Golfe do Jamor (CNFGJ) were invited to participate in this study. Following the informed consent a Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorder was applied. Inclusion criteria: Athletes of both genders who have signed informed consent with handicap <20 or professional. Exclusion criteria: Patients With TMD; Kennedy-Applegate Class I or II. In order to ensure anonymization all data were coded. Individualized intraoral devices (IOD) were developed for each athlete. Athletes held a 9-hole tournament with two phases: one phase without and another with the use of the IOD. To analyze the stress levels, it was requested the completion of the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-II. Linear mixed effect models were used to evaluate the effect of the use the intraoral device, evaluation moment and interaction between them and the anxiety levels. Significance of these effects was assessed through the analysis of variance of type III with Kenward-Roger approximation for degrees of freedom.
Results: The sample was composed of 8 athletes, with an average age of 27.3 (±7,32) years. The model developed to evaluate the effect of the IOD, evaluation season and their interaction on the anxiety state showed not to be significantly different from the null model (χ2 (3) = 7.5918, p < 0.055).
Discussion and conclusion: Statistically the use of IOD did not change in the subjective levels of anxiety, however the results need to be supported by larger and more significant samples
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to acknowledge all the athletes and collaborators at the CNFGJ.