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ABSTRACT
Twenty-seven lichen species are found on nine kinds of calcareous substrates in Makhtesh Ramon and Makhtesh Ha-Gadol, erosional cirques in the Negev Desert, Israel. Arthonia calcicola Nyl. is recorded in Israel for the first time. Lichen abundance is also determined. The lichen communities on limestones and dolomitic limestones from all areas studied are comparable. The lichen species compositions on these substrates in Makhtesh Ramon and Makhtesh Ha-Gadol are comparable. However, composition of dominant species varies between Makhtesh Ramon and Makhtesh Ha-Gadol.