Short-Term Near Stereoacuity Improvements Following Favorable Surgical Alignment in Exotropic and Esotropic Patients

ABSTRACT

Purpose

Surgical treatment for strabismus is to promote binocular vision, and the study is to evaluate the effect of surgical realignment on near stereopsis in exotropic and esotropic patients.

Methods

The records of patients who underwent strabismus surgery were retrospectively reviewed. Visual acuity, ocular deviations, fusion control, ocular motility, strabismus subtype and duration, surgery procedures, and stereopsis at before and at one month after surgery were collected. RMANOVA was performed to analyze stereopsis improvement by surgery. A logistic analysis was used to investigate the factors for stereopsis improvement.

Results

143 exotropic and 40 esotropic patients were enrolled. The stereopsis was not significantly improved in patients with exotropia (p > .05), but not in esotropic patients (p < .01). Small degree of near deviation (β = 0.01), without vertical surgery (β = 0.11), and the high pre-surgery Titmus (β = −0.44) were related factors for stereopsis improvement in exotropia patients; male (β = 0.21) and the high pre-surgery Titmus (β = −0.36) were related factors for stereopsis improvement in esotropia patients.

Conclusion

The loss of stereopsis was significantly restored by surgery in esotropia patients and the extent of stereopsis recovery by surgery depends on the deviation at near distance, vertical surgery, and pre-surgery stereopsis in exotropes and on sex and pre-surgery Titmus in esotropes.

KEYWORDS:

• Esotropia
• exotropia
• stereopsis
• strabismus
• surgery

Disclosure Statement

The author(s) declare that they have no competing interests.

Ethics approval

This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Eye & ENT Hospital and followed the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.

Consent to participate and for publication

Consents to participate and for publication were obtained from all participants.

Availability of data and meterial

The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Code availability

Not applicable.

Author contributions

WF, XSD, WXY, WW, and ZC perform the design, data collection, analysis, and the writing of the manuscript. JC and LY assist in the collection of data.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (81500752, 81525006, 81670864, and 81730025) .