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Notes
* * An earlier version of this article appeared in International Union Rights, Vol. 20, Issue 4 (2013). The author, a Research Economist at the Communications Workers of America, is grateful to the editors of IUR for permission to publish this expanded and updated version. Much of the information presented here is based on the author's direct experience of fifteen years as a union staff-member. The views expressed here are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of CWA.
1 US Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 1, 2013. Available at: http://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/wkyeng.pdf. See also Lawrence Mishel and Heidi Shierholz, "A Decade of Flat Wages: The Key Barrier to Shared Prosperity and a Rising Middle Class," Economic Policy Institute, August 21, 2013.
2 Sylvia A. Allegretto and Steven C. Pitts, "To Work With Dignity: The Unfinished March Toward a Decent Minimum Wage," Economic Policy Institute, August 26, 2013
3 US Bureau of the Census, “Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2012,” Washington, DC, September 2013. Available at: http://www.census.gov/prod/2013pubs/p60-245.pdf
4 Lawrence Mishel, “The CEO-to-Worker Compensation Ratio in 2012 of 273 Was Far Above That of the Late 1990s and 14 Times the Ratio of 20.1 in 1965,” Economic Policy Institute, Economic Snapshot, September 24, 2013.
5 Joseph E. Stiglitz, The Price of Inequality: How Today's Divided Society Endangers Our Future. New York: Norton, 2012, Chapter 4.
6 BLS, private sector coverage from the Bureau of the Census, Current Population Survey, 2012.
7 Kate Bronfenbrenner, “No Holds Barred: The Intensification of Employer Opposition to Organizing,” Economic Policy Institute and American Rights at Work Education Fund, May 20, 2009. Available at: http://www.epi.org/publication/bp235/
8 Harold Wilensky, American Political Economy in Global Perspective. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012.
9 See Lance Compa, Free Speech and Freedom of Association: Finding the Balance, ITUC Position Paper, June 2013. Available at: http://www.ituc-csi.org/IMG/pdf/free_speech_and_freedom_of_association_final.pdf
10 TMUS is a company controlled, according to New York Stock Exchange standards, by Deutsche Telekom which owns 67% of TMUS and appoints seven out of 11 directors.
11 Letter from Dietmar Frings, Deutsche Telekom Senior Vice President Employment Policies and Relations, to Rosa Pavanelli, General Secretary, Public Services International, February 8, 2013.
12 International Organization of Employers, A Response by the International Organisation of Employers to the Human Rights Watch Report – “A Strange Case: Violations of Workers’ Freedom of Association in the United States by European Multinational Corporations,” Geneva, Switzerland, May 2011. Available at: http://www.uschamber.com/sites/default/files/comments/IOE_HRW_Response.pdf
13 Engadget, April 4, 2013.
15 National Labor Relations Board Settlement Agreement, Case No. 34-CA-9800, December 3, 2001.
16 William R. Adams, For Your Information, 6th ed., Adams, Nash, Haskell & Sheridan (law firm), 1983, p. 8.
17 “New Employee Orientation,” 2012, slide 13.
18 “New Employee Orientation,” 2012, slide 14.
19 National Labor Relations Board Settlement Agreement, Case 4-CA-34590.
20 The NLRB forced the company to post a notice that it would not require employees to report union contacts. National Labor Relations Board Settlement Agreement, Case 36-CA-10359.
21 National Labor Relations Board, Region 14, “Order Further Consolidating Cases, Second Consolidated Complaint and Notice of Hearing [Cases 28-CA-I067S8, 28-CA-117479, 14-CA-106906, 2-CA-115949], March 31, 2014. For brief media coverage, see Jeff Sistrunk, “NLRB Consolidates Anti-Union Cases against T-Mobile,” Law 360, April 9, 2014.
22 “Third Party Activity Report,” August 24, 2012, introduced into evidence. NLRB and CWA v. T-Mobile USA (Case Nos. 14-CA-104731, 14-CA-105502, 14-CA-106124, and 14-CA-106906), February 4, 2014.
24 Interview with Xavier Solis, former employee, T-Mobile, Brownsville, Texas, November, 2012.
25 Interview with an anonymous former employee, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, November 2012.
26 Interview with Jerry Smith, former employee, Frisco, Texas, November 2012.
27 Interview with Pam Smith, former employee, Wichita, Kansas, July 15, 2012.
28 Interview with Katherine Ramzy, former employee, Lenexa, Kansas, November, 2012.
29 See CWA, TU, ver.di, “Standing up for Good Jobs in Charleston: T-Mobile Workers Speak Out,” May 2013.
30 A Freedom of Information Act Request to the DoL showed that the company answered that the work had not been sent offshore.
32 Read the profile of a Wichita call center worker and the comparison of her pay with that of her CEO: Available at: http://www.aflcio.org/Corporate-Watch/Paywatch-2014
33 CWA, “Standing up for Good Jobs in Charleston: T-Mobile Workers Speak Out,” May 2013.
34 “Brutaler Psychoterror,” Der Spiegel, November 22, 2012. Available at: http://www.spiegel.de/international/business/union-campaign-takes-on-t-mobile-usa-working-conditions-a-868525.html. See also the eight-minute exposé of DT on the Monitor program aired by the German TV Channel ARD in September 2011. Available at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=pjp037P7dkE
35 For the student campaign at T-Mobile, see United Students Against Sweatshops, Justice for T-Mobile Workers: Available at: http://usas.org/campaigns/tmobile/. Ministers from African-American churches have spoken out forcefully about the treatment of T-Mobile workers in several call center communities, including Charleston, SC, and Nashville, TN.