Synbiotic Musa acuminata skin extract and Streptococcus salivarius K12 inhibit candida species biofilm formation

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the effect of synbiotic Musa acuminata skin extract (MASE) and Streptococcus salivarius K12 (K12) on Candida species biofilm formation. Liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight (LC-Q-TOF-MS) was conducted to characterize MASE. To determine the effect of synbiotic on Candida biofilm, 200 µL of RPMI-1640 containing Candida, K12, and MASE were pipetted into the same well and incubated at 37 °C for 72 h. A similar protocol was repeated with K12 or MASE to determine the probiotic and prebiotic effects, respectively. Dimorphism, biofilm biomass, and Candida total cell count (TCC) were determined. A total of 60 compounds were detected in MASE. C. albicans (ALT5) and Candida lusitaniae exhibited the highest reduction in biofilm biomass when co-cultured with prebiotic (77.70 ± 7.67%) and synbiotic (97.73 ± 0.28%), respectively. All Candida spp. had decreased TCC and hyphae when co-cultured with synbiotic. In conclusion, MASE and K12 inhibit Candida biofilm formation.

Keywords:

• Musa acuminate
• Streptococcus salivarius
• Candida species
• symbiotic
• prebiotic
• biofilm

Acknowledgements

We would like to acknowledge the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) for the laboratories, and Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne for the microbial samples.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

We would like to acknowledge the Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia, for the funding (PRGS/1/2020/SKK08/UIAM/02/1