Field observations of iron biofouling in water supply boreholes

Iron biofouling continues to be a significant cause of water supply borehole inefficiency and failure in the UK, yet there are still many misconceptions and a lack of understanding of the causes of iron biofouling. This is, in part, due to the lack of systematic research into this subject in the UK. This communication outlines key factors thought to cause the occurrence of iron biofouling in boreholes and suggests appropriate preventative measures based on field experiences. It is suggested that the degree of biofouling and its consequences depend upon the interaction of engineering and environmental factors and that prevention and control requires awareness of all such controlling influences.

Key words:

• biofilm
• biofouling
• borehole
• groundwater engineering
• iron