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High Pressure Research
An International Journal
Volume 20, 2001 - Issue 1-6
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Original Articles

Hydrothermal reactions of simple molecules by real-time infrared spectroscopy

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Pages 429-438 | Received 10 Jan 2000, Accepted 25 Feb 2000, Published online: 19 Aug 2006
 

Abstract

The relative roles of the materials of construction of the reactor (stainless steel or titanium) and the effects of Group 1 cations are discussed in terms of their effect on the rate of decarboxylation of acetic acid derivatives, RCO2H. Past work indicates that the reaction container composition has a very large effect when R is CH3—. A smaller but significant effect is seen when R is electron neutral (i.e., R=H). When R is electron Withdrawing the rate depends less on the reactor type than the nature of R. The effect of the counter ion M on the rate of decarboxylation of monovalent malonate salts, HC&CHzC02M, is discussed for M=Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, and Cs+. The rate generally increases with the ionic radius except that the Rb+ salt exhibits the fastest rate. Preliminary explanations are given.

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