A high pressure, high temperature study of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitro ethylene

Abstract

We report a synchrotron energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction study of the novel high explosive 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene at high pressures and high temperatures. Pressure was generated using a Paris–Edinburgh cell to employ larger sample volumes. High temperatures were created using a resistive graphite cylinder surrounding the sample. The PT phase diagram was explored in the 3.3 GPa pressure range and in the ∼ 400°C temperature range. We believe that the sample commenced in the α-phase and then ended up in an amorphous phase when the temperature increased beyond 280°C near 2 GPa, which we believe to be the γ-phase. Further pressure and temperature cycling suggests that the sample transformed reversibly into and out of the amorphous phase near the phase line.

Keywords:

• Paris–Edinburgh cell
• synchrotron radiation
• X-ray
• high pressure
• FOX-7
• DADNE

Acknowledgements

We thank Nenad Velisavljevic from LANL for help in the measurements. Two of us (H.R. and J.W.) acknowledge the support from the NSF REU program. We thank Prof. Chulsung Bae for synthesizing the explosive samples. We gratefully acknowledge support from US Army RDECOM ACQ CTR Contract W9011NF-05-1-0266, and DOE DE-FC88-06NA27684 Cooperative Agreements with UNLV. HPCAT is supported by CIW, CDAC, UNLV and LLNL through funding from DOE-NNSA, DOE-BES and NSF. Use of the APS is supported by DOE-BES, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The PEC equipment is supported by NSF-COMPRESS through HPCAT/GSECARS-CAT joint program. We thank Curtis Kenney-Benson for his significant contribution to build the composite sample assembly.

Notes

^†This paper was presented at the XLVIII^th European High Pressure Research Group (EHPRG 48) Meeting, Uppsala (Sweden), 25–29 July 2010.