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Inhalation Toxicology
International Forum for Respiratory Research
Volume 18, 2006 - Issue 5
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Research Article

An Internal Dose Model of Incapacitation and Lethality Risk from Inhalation of Fire Gases

James H. Stuhmiller Simulation, Engineering, and Test Group, Applied Technologies, L-3 Communications, San Diego, California, USA
,
Diane W. Long Simulation, Engineering, and Test Group, Applied Technologies, L-3 Communications, San Diego, California, USA
&
Louise M. Stuhmiller Simulation, Engineering, and Test Group, Applied Technologies, L-3 Communications, San Diego, California, USA
Pages 347-364 | Received 29 Sep 2005, Accepted 06 Nov 2005, Published online: 06 Oct 2008
 
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Abstract

A mathematical model for estimating the likelihood of incapacitation and lethality from the inhalation of toxic gases is presented. The model computes an internal dose, equal to retained toxic gas per body mass, which is used to extrapolate outcomes across species. Account is taken for ventilation changes due to species, activity, and chemical response. The internal dose is correlated with each outcome using a cumulative, log-normal, probability distribution, which allows the estimation of tolerances for any population incidence. No internal interactions of gases are modeled and probabilities are combined independently. The model compares favorably with combined gas and large animal data.

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