Combined Mitral and Aortic Valve Stenosis Caused by Two Different Etiologies, Rheumatic and Congenital

Abstract

Described herein are five patients who had double left-sided cardiac valve replacement for mitral and aortic valve stenosis resulting from two different etiologies: rheumatic heart disease, the cause of the mitral stenosis, and congenital heart disease (bicuspid valve), the underlying cause of the aortic stenosis.