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Abstract
In vitro cytocompatibility of ternary biocomposite of dicalcium phosphate (DCP) and calcium sulfate (CS) containing 40 wt% poly (amino acid) (PAA) was evaluated using L929 fibroblasts and MG-63 osteoblast-like cells. Thereafter, the biocompatibility of biocomposite in vivo was investigated using an implantation in muscle and bone model. In vitro L929 and MG-63 cell culture experiments showed that the composite and PAA polymer were noncytotoxic and allowed cells to adhere and proliferate. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) confirmed that two kinds of cells maintained their phenotype on all of samples surfaces. Moreover, the DCP/CS/PAA composite showed higher cellular viability than that of PAA; meanwhile, the cell proliferation and ALP activity were much higher when DCP/CS had added into PAA. After implanted in muscle of rabbits for 12 weeks, the histological evaluation indicated that the composite exhibited excellent biocompatibility and no inflammatory responses were found. When implanted into bone defects of femoral condyle of rabbits, the composite was combined directly with the host bone tissue without fibrous capsule tissue, which shown good biocompatibility and osteoconductivity. Thus, this novel composite may have potential application in the clinical setting.
Acknowledgements
The authors also would like to acknowledge DepuySynthes GmbH. (Switzerland) for providing tricalcium phosphate ceramics (chronOS™).
Funding
This work was supported by the international S&T cooperation ‘Cooperative research on advanced composite biological materials and clinical products’ Program [grant number 2013DFB50280]; the National High Technology Research and Development Program 863 [grant number 2015AA033605].