Preparation of bio-synthesized Ag nanoparticles and assessment of their antidiabetic and antioxidant potential against STZ-induced diabetic albino rats

Abstract

Bio-synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were successfully obtained using the leaf extract from Ventilago maderaspatana. Extensive analysis was conducted to evaluate the physical and chemical characteristics of the bioderived AgNPs. XRD analysis confirmed their cubic structure, and revealed a well-defined size distribution with average crystallite size of 11.7  nm. FE-SEM and TEM images visually supported the observed size range. The presence of plant-mediated phytochemicals on the surface of AgNPs was confirmed through DLS, FTIR, and TGA/DTA studies. To assess their antidiabetic potential, rats were induced with streptozotocin, resulting in elevated levels of biochemical parameters associated with diabetes. Conversely, serum insulin levels (2.50 ± 0.55) and glucokinase activity (64.50 ± 8.66) decreased. However, treatment with AgNPs demonstrated a dose-dependent reduction in blood glucose, total protein, albumin, and HbA1c levels, effectively restoring them to normal ranges. Moreover, the treatment significantly increased insulin levels (7.55 ± 0.63) and glucokinase activity (121.50 ± 4.60), indicating the antidiabetic potential of V. maderaspatana-mediated AgNPs. Notably, the exitance of phytochemicals, like flavonoids and phenols, on the surface of AgNPs facilitated their ability to neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS) through electron donation. This property enhanced their overall antidiabetic efficiency.

Keywords:

• Biosynthesis
• antidiabetic activity
• silver nanoparticles
• antioxidant activity

Ethical approval

Institutional Animal Ethical Committee gave its approval to the experimental protocols used in this study (Ethical Committee’s Approval No. BDU/IAEC/2014/NE/31/)

Author contributions

P. Karuppannan: Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation; Dr.K. Saravanan: Supervision, Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing - Original Draft; M. Ashokkumar: Investigation, Writing - Original Draft; Chukwaebuka Egbuna: Formal analysis, Investigation

Disclosure statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Availability of data and materials

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Correction Statement

This article has been corrected with minor changes. These changes do not impact the academic content of the article.

Additional information

Funding

The authors did not receive support from any organization for the submitted work.