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Abstract
The higher order Bragg scatter from rough surface, which belongs to an electromagnetic scatter, is investigated with the boundary perturbation method. The equations of radar scatter cross sections for higher order Bragg scatter are deduced. The performance of higher order Bragg scatter is distinct from the sea-echo spectra in real data when at high sea states or in the upper part of the HF band. The accuracy and efficiency of the deduced formulas are compared and validated with several examples of the Ocean State Measuring and Analyzing Radar-S experiments data, which were obtained in different locations and at different operating frequencies.
Acknowledgments
We gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 61072086 and 60901073, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant 2012212020215, and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China under grant SBK201240419.