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ABSTRACT
In the present study, the Poynting vector of an ELF electromagnetic wave in the presence of a three-layered ocean floor is treated both analytically and numerically. It is verified that the derived locus of the Poynting vector in a three-layered region reduces to exactly the same form for a two-layered region once the thickness of the intermediate layer decreases to zero. When studying the magnitude of the Poynting vector, it is found that the locations of the turning points accurately match the coordinates of maximum penetration. Moreover, despite that the lateral wave can reach a larger depth of penetration as the propagation distance increases, the electromagnetic field at the receiving point will also bear greater attenuation. Figuring out the required penetration depth before determining the location of the receiver is a possible way to ease this issue.
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Tong He
Tong He was born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, on December 23, 1990. He received his BS degree in Electrical Engineering and Automation from University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, Sichuan, China, in 2013, and MS degree in Electrical Engineering from The University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, MI, United States, in 2014, respectively. He is currently working toward the PhD degree in Electromagnetic Field and Microwave Technology with the College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. His current research interests include VLF/ELF wave propagation and antenna theory.
Li Na He
Li Na He was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China, on July 3, 1992. She received her BS degree in Communication Engineering from Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, in 2014. She is currently working toward the PhD degree in Electronic Science and Technology with the College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. Her current research interests include radio wave propagation and applications.
Kai Li
Kai Li was born in Xiao County, Anhui, China, on February 10, 1968. He received his BS degree in physics from Fuyang Normal University, Anhui, China, in 1990, MS degree in radio physics from Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China, in 1994, and PhD degree in astrophysics from Shaanxi Astronomical Observatory, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shaanxi, China, in 1998, respectively. From August 1990 to December 2000, he was on the faculty of China Research Institute of Radiowave Propagation (CRIRP). From January 2001 to December 2002, he was a postdoctoral fellow at Information and Communications University (ICU), Daejeon, Republic of Korea. From January 2003 to January 2005, he was a research fellow with the School of Electrical and Electric Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore. Since January 2005, he has been a professor with the Department of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. His current research interests include classic electromagnetic theory and radio wave propagation. Dr. Li is a senior member of the Chinese Institute of Electronics (CIE) and a member of the Chinese Institute of Space Science (CISS).